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Related Concept Videos

Semiconductors01:22

Semiconductors

1.9K
There is variation in the electrical conductivity of materials - metals, semiconductors, and insulators that are showcased with the help of the energy band diagrams.
Metals such as copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), or lead (Pb) have low resistivity and feature conduction bands that are either not fully occupied or overlap with the valence band, making a bandgap non-existent. This allows electrons in the highest energy levels of the valence band to easily transition to the conduction band upon gaining...
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Types Of Superconductors01:28

Types Of Superconductors

1.8K
A superconductor is a substance that offers zero resistance to the electric current when it drops below a critical temperature. Zero resistance is not the only interesting phenomenon as materials reach their transition temperatures. A second effect is the exclusion of magnetic fields. This is known as the Meissner effect. A light, permanent magnet placed over a superconducting sample will levitate in a stable position above the superconductor. High-speed trains that levitate on strong...
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Superconductor01:24

Superconductor

2.1K
A substance that reaches superconductivity, a state in which magnetic fields cannot penetrate, and there is no electrical resistance, is referred to as a superconductor. In 1911, Heike Kamerlingh Onnes of Leiden University, a Dutch physicist, observed a relation between the temperature and the resistance of the element mercury. The mercury sample was then cooled in liquid helium to study the linear dependence of resistance on temperature. It was observed that, as the temperature decreased, the...
2.1K
Types of Semiconductors01:20

Types of Semiconductors

1.8K
Intrinsic semiconductors are highly pure materials with no impurities. At absolute zero, these semiconductors behave as perfect insulators because all the valence electrons are bound, and the conduction band is empty, disallowing electrical conduction. The Fermi level is a concept used to describe the probability of occupancy of energy levels by electrons at thermal equilibrium. In intrinsic semiconductors, the Fermi level is positioned at the midpoint of the energy gap at absolute zero. When...
1.8K
Metal-Semiconductor Junctions01:24

Metal-Semiconductor Junctions

1.4K
The contact of metal and semiconductor can lead to the formation of a junction with either Schottky or Ohmic behavior.
Schottky Barriers
Schottky barriers arise when a metal with a work function (Φm) contacts a semiconductor with a different work function (Φs). Initially, electrons transfer until the Fermi levels of the metal and semiconductor align at equilibrium. For instance, if Φm > Φs, the semiconductor Fermi level is higher than the metal's before contact. The...
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Biasing of Metal-Semiconductor Junctions01:27

Biasing of Metal-Semiconductor Junctions

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Biasing metal-semiconductor junctions involves applying a voltage across the junction. Specifically, the metal is connected to a voltage source, while the semiconductor is grounded. This technique is essential for controlling the direction and magnitude of current flow in electronic devices, including diodes, transistors, and photovoltaic cells.
In Schottky junctions, where the semiconductor is n-type, applying a positive voltage to the metal relative to the semiconductor reduces its Fermi...
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Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform
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Semiconductor-Nanowire-Based Superconducting Qubit.

T W Larsen1, K D Petersson1, F Kuemmeth1

  • 1Center for Quantum Devices, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark.

Physical Review Letters
|October 3, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We developed a novel hybrid qubit using semiconductor nanowires and superconductors. This "gatemon" offers robust control and long coherence times, paving the way for advanced quantum computing applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Computing
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Superconducting qubits are a leading platform for quantum computing.
  • Controlling qubit properties electrostatically offers advantages over magnetic flux control.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a novel hybrid qubit architecture based on semiconductor nanowires.
  • To demonstrate electrostatic control of qubit properties and coherent manipulation.
  • To assess the performance of this new qubit design in terms of coherence and gate operations.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a hybrid qubit device integrating a semiconductor nanowire with a superconductor.
  • Utilizing an electrostatic gate to deplete carriers in a semiconducting weak link, controlling Josephson energy.
  • Coupling the qubit to an on-chip microwave cavity for control and readout.
  • Implementing gate voltage pulses for coherent qubit manipulation.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated strong coupling between the hybrid qubit and a microwave cavity.
  • Achieved coherent qubit control using gate voltage pulses.
  • Observed relaxation times of approximately 0.8 μs and dephasing times of approximately 1 μs.
  • Exhibited gate operation times two orders of magnitude shorter than coherence times in first-generation devices.

Conclusions:

  • The developed semiconductor-superconductor hybrid qubit (