Related Experiment Video
Updated: Apr 1, 2026

Effects of a Novel Neuromuscular Training Intervention on Jump, Sprint, and Change of Direction in Adult Female Soccer Players
Published on: June 10, 2025
How the Iranian Football Coaches and Players Know About Doping?
Tohid Seif Barghi1, Farzin Halabchi2, Jiri Dvorak3
1Sports Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran ; Doping Control Committee, Football Federation of Islamic Republic of Iran, Tehran, IR Iran.
Background:
Nowadays, doping is an intricate dilemma. Football is the nationally popular sport in Iran. On the other hand, doping is a serious health hazard sport faces today. Studies dealing with athletes' knowledge, attitudes and behavior concerning doping in football are scarce.
Objectives:
Therefore, we aimed to investigate the knowledge and attitudes toward doping among the football coaches and players.
Patients And Methods:
In a cross sectional study, 375 participants (239 football players and 136 coaches) were studied. A specially made questionnaire was applied. In this study, football teams of different provinces of the country were selected by randomized clustered sampling and questionnaires were distributed among coaches and players.
Results:
Knowledge of football coaches and players in three categories of doping definitions, recognition of prohibited drugs and side effects of anabolic steroids was poor or moderate in 45.3%, 88.5% and 96.5%, respectively.
Conclusions:
Football players and coaches have poor knowledge about doping in Iran. Moreover, they believe in some inappropriate myths without any scientific or rational basis.It seems necessary to design a comprehensive educational program for all of the athletes and coaches in Iran.
Related Concept Videos
Determination of Multiple Dosing Parameters: Loading and Maintenance Doses
Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients
Prevention of Further Absorption of Poison
Drug Accumulation During Multiple Dosing: Repetitive IV Injections
Rational Dosage Regimen: Maintenance Dose and Loading Dose
In most cases, drugs are administered repetitively or infused continuously to maintain a steady-state concentration in the body. At a steady...
Drug toxicity: Idiosyncratic Reactions

