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Related Concept Videos

Catalysis02:50

Catalysis

32.3K
The presence of a catalyst affects the rate of a chemical reaction. A catalyst is a substance that can increase the reaction rate without being consumed during the process. A basic comprehension of a catalysts’ role during chemical reactions can be understood from the concept of reaction mechanisms and energy diagrams.
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Heterogeneous Catalysis01:22

Heterogeneous Catalysis

109
Heterogeneous catalysis involves a catalyst in a different phase from the reactants. It is a process where the catalyst and the reactants are in distinct phases, typically solid and gas or liquid.Most heterogeneous catalysts are metals, metal oxides, or acids. The list includes transition metals like iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), palladium (Pd), platinum (Pt), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), tungsten (W), silver (Ag), and copper (Cu). These metals possess partially vacant d orbitals that...
109
Reduction of Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation02:13

Reduction of Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation

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Alkenes undergo reduction by the addition of molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. Because the process generally occurs in the presence of a transition-metal catalyst, the reaction is called catalytic hydrogenation.
Metals like palladium, platinum, and nickel are commonly used in their solid forms — fine powder on an inert surface. As these catalysts remain insoluble in the reaction mixture, they are referred to as heterogeneous catalysts.
The hydrogenation process takes place on the...
14.9K
Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation02:17

Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation

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Catalytic hydrogenation of alkenes is a transition-metal catalyzed reduction of the double bond using molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. The mode of hydrogen addition follows syn stereochemistry.
The metal catalyst used can be either heterogeneous or homogeneous. When hydrogenation of an alkene generates a chiral center, a pair of enantiomeric products is expected to form. However, an enantiomeric excess of one of the products can be facilitated using an enantioselective reaction or an...
4.0K
Turnover Number and Catalytic Efficiency01:19

Turnover Number and Catalytic Efficiency

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The turnover number of an enzyme is the maximum number of substrate molecules it can transform per unit time. Turnover numbers for most enzymes range from 1 to 1000 molecules per second. Catalase has the known highest turnover number, capable of converting up to 2.8×106 molecules of hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen per second. Lysozyme has the lowest known turnover number of half a molecule per second.
Chymotrypsin is a pancreatic enzyme that breaks down proteins during digestion....
22.2K
Reduction of Alkynes to cis-Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation02:24

Reduction of Alkynes to cis-Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation

9.5K
Introduction
Like alkenes, alkynes can be reduced to alkanes in the presence of transition metal catalysts such as Pt, Pd, or Ni. The reaction involves two sequential syn additions of hydrogen via a cis-alkene intermediate.
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Synthesis of Metal Nanoparticles Supported on Carbon Nanotube with Doped Co and N Atoms and its Catalytic Applications in Hydrogen Production
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The CoTe2 nanostructure: an efficient and robust catalyst for hydrogen evolution.

Tzu-Hsiang Lu1, Chih-Jung Chen1, Mrinmoyee Basu1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan. rsliu@ntu.edu.tw.

Chemical Communications (Cambridge, England)
|October 10, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

New cobalt ditelluride nanoparticles show promise as electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction. These nanomaterials efficiently produce hydrogen fuel with remarkable stability in acidic solutions.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • The hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is crucial for sustainable energy production.
  • Developing efficient and stable electrocatalysts is key to advancing HER technologies.
  • Acidic media present challenges for catalyst durability and performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize cobalt ditelluride (CoTe2) nanoparticles as novel electrocatalysts.
  • To evaluate the electrocatalytic activity and stability of CoTe2 nanoparticles for HER.
  • To investigate the potential of CoTe2 as a cost-effective alternative to precious metal catalysts.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of cobalt ditelluride nanoparticles with controlled diameters (20-50 nm).
  • Electrochemical characterization using techniques such as cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry.
  • Testing in 0.50 M sulfuric acid (H2SO4) electrolyte to assess hydrogen evolution reaction performance.

Main Results:

  • Successfully synthesized CoTe2 nanoparticles in the 20-50 nm size range.
  • Achieved a current density of -10 mA cm(-2) at an overpotential of 246 mV for HER.
  • Demonstrated excellent catalytic stability with no decay observed over 48 hours of continuous operation.

Conclusions:

  • Cobalt ditelluride nanoparticles are effective electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction.
  • The synthesized CoTe2 nanoparticles exhibit high activity and exceptional long-term stability in acidic media.
  • These findings highlight the potential of CoTe2 as a promising non-precious metal catalyst for hydrogen production.