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Multi-channeled single chain variable fragment (scFv) based microfluidic device for explosives detection.

Paul T Charles1, Jasmine Davis1, André A Adams1

  • 1Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering (Code 6920), US Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20375, USA.

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|October 11, 2015
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study developed a microfluidic device using specific proteins to detect the toxic explosive 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene (TNT). The device achieved sub-parts-per-billion detection limits for TNT in seawater, aiding environmental monitoring.

Keywords:
FluorescenceImmunosensorMicrochannelRecombinant proteinTNTscFv

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science and Engineering
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Growing concerns over environmental security and homeland security necessitate advanced explosives detection.
  • 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene (TNT) is a toxic and carcinogenic explosive requiring sensitive monitoring.
  • Existing detection methods lack real-time, quantitative analysis capabilities for environmental samples.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate a novel microfluidic device for sensitive and specific TNT detection.
  • To compare the efficacy of different immobilized biomolecules for TNT detection.
  • To establish detection limits of the device in a complex environmental matrix like seawater.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a multi-channeled microfluidic device.
  • Immobilization of single chain fragment variable (scFv) recombinant proteins and biotinylated-scFv (bt-scFv) on the device.
  • Performance evaluation using fluorescence displacement immunoassays under constant flow conditions.
  • Determination of dose-response curves, cross-reactivity, and limits of detection (LOD).

Main Results:

  • The microfluidic device demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity for TNT detection.
  • The device immobilized with bt-scFv achieved the lowest limit of detection (LOD) for TNT.
  • Sub-parts-per-billion (0.5 ppb) detection limits for TNT were achieved in natural seawater samples.

Conclusions:

  • The developed microfluidic device offers a promising platform for real-time, trace-level TNT detection.
  • Immobilized bt-scFv provides superior performance for TNT detection in environmental monitoring.
  • This technology can significantly enhance environmental protection and homeland security efforts.