SEPT9: A Specific Circulating Biomarker for Colorectal Cancer

SEPT9 gene methylation has been implicated as a biomarker for colorectal cancer (CRC) for more than 10 years and has been used clinically for more than 6 years. Studies have proven it to be an accurate, reliable, fast, and convenient method for CRC. In this chapter, we will first provide the background on the role of septin9 protein and the theoretical basis of the SEPT9 gene methylation assay. We will then focus on the performance of SEPT9 gene methylation assay for CRC early detection and screening by analyzing the data obtained in clinical trials and comparing its performance with other methods or markers. Finally, we will discuss the future applications of the assay in monitoring cancer recurrence, evaluating surgery, chemotherapy, and predicting long-term survival. We hope this chapter can provide a full overview of the theoretical basis, development, validation, and clinical applications of the SEPT9 assay for both basic science researchers and clinical practitioners.