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Comprehensive Endovascular and Open Surgical Management of Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformations
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Intrapulmonary arteriovenous malformation causing recurrent strokes.

Kareem Abed1, Lalith Premachandra2, Viren Vankawala2

  • 1AtlantiCare Regional Medical Center, Atlantic City, NJ, USA; abedlkareem@gmail.com.

Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives
|October 22, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (PAVMs) can cause recurrent brain emboli. Early diagnosis via echocardiography is key when other causes are ruled out.

Keywords:
PAVMcontrast echocardiographyembolotherapyintrapulmonary arteriovenous malformation

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Neurology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Recurrent embolic events to the brain and cerebellum pose a diagnostic challenge.
  • Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (PAVMs) are uncommon vascular anomalies that can lead to paradoxical embolism.

Observation:

  • A case is presented where a left PAVM was identified as the source of recurrent cerebral and cerebellar emboli.
  • Standard workup for common embolic sources, including carotid disease and intracardiac shunts, was negative.

Findings:

  • Percutaneous embolotherapy was successfully performed at a tertiary care center.
  • Agitated saline contrast echocardiography proved to be a cost-effective and efficient diagnostic tool for PAVM detection.

Implications:

  • PAVMs should be considered in the differential diagnosis of cryptogenic recurrent embolic strokes.
  • Utilizing echocardiography can expedite the diagnosis of PAVMs, facilitating timely intervention and potentially preventing further neurological damage.