Medical therapy for benign prostatic hyperplasia: a review

Area of Science:

• Urology
• Geriatrics
• Pharmacology

Background:

• Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a prevalent condition affecting aging men.
• Historically, surgical interventions were standard, but medical advancements have provided alternatives.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the current state-of-the-art medical therapies for BPH-LUTS.
• To highlight landmark studies and emerging research in BPH pharmacotherapy.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of landmark studies and recent research.
• Analysis of current medical treatment strategies for BPH-LUTS.

Main Results:

• Alpha blockers are first-line for small prostates; 5-alpha reductase inhibitors (5-ARIs) for large prostates.
• Phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE-5) inhibitors offer benefits for BPH-LUTS.
• Overactive bladder (OAB) medications can be added for persistent irritative symptoms.
• Combination therapies provide short-term relief and long-term management.

Conclusions:

• Medical therapy is the mainstay for managing BPH-LUTS.
• Personalized treatment plans based on individual and prostate characteristics are crucial.
• An algorithmic approach aids in decision-making for BPH-LUTS treatment.