[Current management of marginal zone lymphomas].

Area of Science:

• Hematology
• Oncology
• Immunology

Context:

• Marginal zone lymphomas (MZL) comprise three distinct subtypes: Mucosae Associated Lymphoid Tissue (MALT) MZL, nodal MZL, and splenic MZL.
• Accurate diagnosis relies heavily on immunophenotyping.
• Specific infections are frequently implicated in MZL development.

Purpose:

• To outline the diagnostic importance of immunophenotyping in MZL.
• To describe the distinct treatment strategies for different MZL subtypes.
• To highlight the role of infection eradication and other therapies in managing MZL.

Summary:

• Gastric MALT MZL associated with Helicobacter Pylori may resolve with bacterial eradication.
• Nodal MZL treatment parallels that of follicular lymphoma.
• Splenic MZL management varies: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) eradication is key if present; otherwise, splenectomy is a primary option.
• Disseminated MZL, like other indolent lymphomas, are generally incurable, necessitating treatment initiation only for symptomatic patients.

Impact:

• Provides a concise overview of MZL classification and diagnostic approaches.
• Clarifies subtype-specific treatment algorithms, including infection-related interventions.
• Informs clinical decision-making for managing indolent lymphomas, emphasizing a tailored, symptom-based approach for advanced disease.