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Complications of phenylpropanolamine
S C Dilsaver1, N A Votolato, N E Alessi
1Psychopharmacology Program, Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus.
American Family Physician
|April 1, 1989
Summary
Phenylpropanolamine, a sympathomimetic agent, is found in many medications and illicit drugs. It can cause serious side effects like psychosis and hypertensive crises, which require specific medical treatments.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology
- Neuroscience
- Toxicology
Background:
- Phenylpropanolamine is a widely used sympathomimetic agent.
- It is a common ingredient in anorectics, nasal decongestants, and psychostimulants.
- Phenylpropanolamine is also found in illicit drugs mimicking amphetamines.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the diverse applications of phenylpropanolamine.
- To highlight the adverse psychiatric and cardiovascular effects associated with phenylpropanolamine use.
- To discuss the management of phenylpropanolamine-induced complications.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on phenylpropanolamine.
- Analysis of reported cases of adverse events.
- Examination of treatment protocols for phenylpropanolamine toxicity.
Main Results:
- Phenylpropanolamine is present in over 100 proprietary and prescription formulations.
- Adverse effects include paranoid psychosis, severe anxiety, cerebrovascular accidents, and hypertensive crises.
- Hypertensive crises are treatable with phentolamine; psychiatric symptoms with benzodiazepines.
Conclusions:
- Phenylpropanolamine poses significant health risks, including severe psychiatric and cardiovascular events.
- Awareness of these risks is crucial for both medical professionals and the public.
- Prompt medical intervention is necessary for managing phenylpropanolamine-induced toxicity.