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Updated: Mar 31, 2026

Human Liver Microphysiological System for Assessing Drug-Induced Liver Toxicity In Vitro
Published on: January 31, 2022
Circulating mitochondrial biomarkers for drug-induced liver injury
Qiang Shi1, Xi Yang1, William B Mattes1
1Division of Systems Biology, National Center for Toxicological Research, Food & Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA.
Abstract:
Liver mitochondria affected by drugs can be released into circulation and serve as biomarkers for drug-induced liver injury (DILI). The tissue specificity of ALT was improved by differentiating cytosolic ALT1 and mitochondrial ALT2 isoforms released in circulation. Prior to ALT elevation, mitochondrial cytochrome c, OCT, GLDH, CPS1 and DNA were increased in circulation following DILI. The baseline expression of mt-Nd6 was predictive of individual DILI susceptibility in animals. As mitochondrial DILI biomarkers appeared to be drug or species dependent, they might have value in clinical scenarios when culprit drugs are established, but may not be ideal tools to assess DILI potentials of new drugs.
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