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Assessment of Human Natural Killer Cell Events Driven by FcγRIIIa Engagement in the Presence of Therapeutic Antibodies
Published on: May 22, 2020
Cytokine Activation by Antibody Fragments Targeted to Cytokine-Receptor Signaling Complexes
Srilalitha Kuruganti1, Shane Miersch2, Ashlesha Deshpande1
1From the Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294.
Researchers created antibody-based activators of cytokine signaling (AcCS) to boost natural type I interferons (IFNs) activity. This approach enhances antiviral potency while minimizing toxicity, offering a potential therapeutic alternative.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Molecular Biology
- Biotechnology
Background:
- Exogenous cytokine therapy can cause systemic toxicity.
- Activating endogenous cytokines locally may prevent toxicity.
- Type I interferons (IFNs) are crucial for cellular defense.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop antibody-based activators of cytokine signaling (AcCS) for type I IFNs.
- To investigate AcCS as an alternative to exogenous IFN therapy.
- To enhance the biological activities of natural IFNs.
Main Methods:
- Development of antibody-based activators of cytokine signaling (AcCS).
- Biochemical and structural characterization of AcCS-cytokine-receptor interactions.
- Utilizing IFN mutants to differentiate biological responses.
Main Results:
- AcCS potentiate natural IFN biological activities by approximately 100-fold.
- AcCS stabilize the IFN-IFNAR2 complex by recognizing conformational changes in IFNAR2.
- AcCS enhance IFN antiviral potency without inducing antiproliferative effects.
Conclusions:
- AcCS offer a method to manipulate cytokine signaling locally.
- AcCS represent a potential therapeutic strategy to enhance IFN efficacy and reduce toxicity.
- This technology has applications in basic science and future therapeutics.
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