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Using Cholesky Decomposition to Explore Individual Differences in Longitudinal Relations between Reading Skills
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When intensions do not map onto extensions: Individual differences in conceptualization.

James A Hampton1, Alessia Passanisi2

  • 1Department of Psychology, City University London.

Journal of Experimental Psychology. Learning, Memory, and Cognition
|November 10, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Individual concept representations show systematic variation, but people’s understanding of concept features (intensions) doesn’t align with their knowledge of concept examples (extensions). This suggests a disconnection in how we mentally represent concepts.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Psycholinguistics
  • Philosophy of Mind

Background:

  • Concepts are understood via extensions (examples) and intensions (features).
  • A core assumption is that intensions and extensions are closely linked in conceptual representation.
  • Individual differences in concept representation are expected to correlate between extensional and intensional measures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between extensional and intensional concept representations.
  • To determine if individual variations in judging concept examples (extensions) align with variations in judging concept features (intensions).

Main Methods:

  • Participants rated typicality of exemplars (extensions) and importance of features (intensions) for common categories.
  • Judgments were collected on two separate occasions to assess consistency.
  • Similarity structures across individuals were analyzed for both extensional and intensional tasks.

Main Results:

  • Within-subject consistency exceeded between-subjects consensus, confirming systematic individual variation in concept representation.
  • Similarity structures for extensional and intensional judgments were stable across repeated measurements.
  • Crucially, similarity in extensional judgments did not map onto similarity in intensional judgments across individuals.

Conclusions:

  • The findings challenge the traditional assumption that intensions directly determine extensions in conceptual representation.
  • Results support a hybrid view of concepts, highlighting a potential disconnection between the cognitive resources used for extensional versus intensional tasks.
  • This suggests that individuals may draw on different conceptual knowledge when evaluating examples versus features of a concept.