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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Materials Science
    • Micro- and Nanotechnology

    Background:

    • Optical bistability is a key phenomenon in nonlinear optics, crucial for all-optical switching and signal processing.
    • Fabry-Perot microcavities are widely used optical resonators, but achieving bistability often requires high input powers or complex designs.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To demonstrate and characterize optical bistability in monolithically integrated, curved-mirror Fabry-Perot microcavities.
    • To identify the physical mechanisms responsible for the observed bistability.
    • To assess the power requirements for achieving hysteresis in these microcavities.

    Main Methods:

    • Fabrication of microcavities via controlled formation of circular delamination buckles in sputtered Si/SiO(2) multilayers.
    • Integration of curved mirrors within a monolithic Fabry-Perot structure.
    • Optical characterization to measure input-output power relationships and identify hysteresis loops.

    Main Results:

    • Successful fabrication of monolithic, curved-mirror Fabry-Perot microcavities.
    • Observation of optical bistability with hysteresis occurring at submilliwatt input powers.
    • Identification of thermal effects, specifically out-of-plane mirror deflection due to residual absorption, as the dominant mechanism for bistability.

    Conclusions:

    • Monolithically integrated, curved-mirror Fabry-Perot microcavities exhibit optical bistability.
    • Thermal-optic effects in the mirror layers are the primary drivers of bistability in this system.
    • The low power threshold makes these microcavities promising for integrated photonic applications.