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Related Concept Videos

Infertility in Males01:23

Infertility in Males

682
Male infertility affects millions of couples worldwide, arising from various factors that impact different stages of the reproductive process. An endocrine imbalance resulting from conditions like hypogonadism, Klinefelter syndrome, or pituitary disorders can disrupt hormone levels and reduce sperm production. Testicular defects, such as tumors, cryptorchidism, atrophic testes, abnormal sperm morphology, and low sperm count or motility, may arise due to genetic factors, structural...
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Spermatogenesis01:41

Spermatogenesis

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Spermatogenesis is the process by which haploid sperm cells are produced in the male testes. It starts with stem cells located close to the outer rim of seminiferous tubules. These spermatogonial stem cells divide asymmetrically to give rise to additional stem cells (meaning that these structures “self-renew”), as well as sperm progenitors, called spermatocytes. Importantly, this method of asymmetric mitotic division maintains a population of spermatogonial stem cells in the male...
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Infertility in Females01:28

Infertility in Females

5.0K
Female infertility is defined as the inability to conceive after a year of regular, unprotected intercourse and affects about 10–15% of couples worldwide. The primary cause of female infertility is ovulatory disorders, which hinder the release of eggs. These disorders can be classified as hypothalamic amenorrhea, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), premature ovarian failure, and hyperprolactinemic anovulation disorders.
Endometriosis, a condition characterized by abnormal growth of...
5.0K
The Y Chromosome Determines Maleness02:19

The Y Chromosome Determines Maleness

8.8K
The Y chromosome is a sex chromosome found in several vertebrates and mammals, including humans. In addition to 22 pairs of autosomes, the human males have one X chromosome and one Y chromosome. In these organisms, the presence or absence of the Y chromosome determines the development of male traits.
Evolution
Around 300 million years ago, the two sex chromosomes diverged from two identical autosomal chromosomes. Over time, the Y chromosome has lost most of its genes, shrinking in size....
8.8K
Sex-linked Disorders01:43

Sex-linked Disorders

111.1K
Like autosomes, sex chromosomes contain a variety of genes necessary for normal body function. When a mutation in one of these genes results in biological deficits, the disorder is considered sex-linked.
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Disorders of the Male Reproductive System01:20

Disorders of the Male Reproductive System

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Men's health issues are increasingly recognized as significant, with several conditions posing common threats. Among these, testicular cancer is especially prevalent in younger men, particularly those aged 20 to 35 years. The disease often manifests as a painless mass in the testicles, sometimes accompanied by a sensation of heaviness or a dull ache.
Prostate disorders are another major concern. These conditions can impair urinary flow due to the prostate's location around the urethra....
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 30, 2026

Determination of Reproductive Competence by Confirming Pubertal Onset and Performing a Fertility Assay in Mice and Rats
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Determination of Reproductive Competence by Confirming Pubertal Onset and Performing a Fertility Assay in Mice and Rats

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Cryptorchidism and Fertility.

Helena E Virtanen1, Jorma Toppari2

  • 1Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 4-8, Turku FI-20520, Finland.

Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America
|November 17, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Undescended testis, or cryptorchidism, is a common condition in newborn boys that can affect fertility. Early treatment is crucial for optimizing reproductive potential in affected individuals.

Keywords:
Acquired cryptorchidismCongenital cryptorchidismGerm cellPaternitySperm concentrationTesticular sizeTestis

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Urology
  • Reproductive Medicine
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Congenital cryptorchidism (undescended testis) is a frequent urogenital anomaly in newborns.
  • Both congenital and acquired forms of cryptorchidism exist.
  • This condition is linked to impaired testicular development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the methods used to evaluate fertility potential in patients with cryptorchidism.
  • To emphasize the importance of early intervention for optimizing fertility outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Evaluation of testicular histology and volume.
  • Assessment of semen quality.
  • Analysis of reproductive hormone levels, conception time, and paternity rates.

Main Results:

  • Fertility potential is assessed through various clinical and biological markers.
  • Cryptorchidism is associated with testicular development abnormalities.
  • Early treatment is recommended.

Conclusions:

  • Cryptorchidism requires careful evaluation of fertility potential.
  • Timely treatment is essential for improving reproductive outcomes in patients with undescended testes.