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Updated: Mar 30, 2026

Non-Invasive Model of Neuropathogenic Escherichia coli Infection in the Neonatal Rat
Published on: October 29, 2014
[Risk factors associated with bacterial growth in derivative systems from cerebrospinal liquid in pediatric patients]
José de Jesús Vargas-Lares1, Angélica Rocío Andrade-Aguilera2, Rafael Díaz-Peña3
1Departamento de Pediatría, UMAE, Hospital de Pediatría, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, IMSS, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jal., México.
Insights
Bacterial growth in pediatric cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) systems is linked to factors like connector use and aseptic technique breaches. Avoiding these can reduce infection risk in hydrocephalus patients.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Neurosurgery
- Infectious Diseases
- Medical Device Technology
Objective:
To determine risk factors associated with bacterial growth in systems derived from cerebrospinal fluid in pediatric patients.
Methods:
Case and controls study from January to December 2012, in patients aged <16 years who were carriers of hydrocephalus and who required placement or replacement of derivative system. Cases were considered as children with cultures with bacterial growth and controls with negative bacterial growth. Inferential statistics with Chi-squared and Mann-Whitney U tests. Association of risk with odds ratio.
Results:
We reviewed 746 registries, cases n=99 (13%) and controls n=647 (87%). Masculine gender 58 (57%) vs. feminine gender 297 (46%) (p=0.530). Age of cases: median, five months and controls, one year (p=0.02). Median weight, 7 vs. 10 kg (p=0.634). Surgical interventions: median n=2 (range, 1-8) vs. n=1 (range, 1-7). Infection rate, 13.2%. Main etiology ductal stenosis, n=29 (29%) vs. n=50 (23%) (p=0.530). Non-communicating, n=50 (51%) vs. 396 (61%) (p=0.456). Predominant microorganisms: enterobacteria, pseudomonas, and enterococcus. Non-use of iodized dressing OR=2.6 (range, 1.8-4.3), use of connector OR=6.8 (range, 1.9-24.0), System replacement OR=2.0 (range, 1.3-3.1), assistant without surgical facemask OR=9.7 (range, 2.3-42.0).
Conclusions:
Being a breastfeeding infant, of low weight, non-application of iodized dressing, use of connector, previous derivation, and lack of adherence to aseptic technique were all factors associated with ependymitis.
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