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Pediatric invasive pneumococcal disease in Senegal

I D Ba1, A Ba1, P M Faye1

  • 1Hôpital d'enfants Albert-Royer de Fann-Dakar, université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, BP 16109, Fann, Dakar, Senegal.

Medecine Et Maladies Infectieuses
|November 21, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) is common in Senegalese children, particularly infants under two. High fatality rates, especially from meningitis, underscore the need for increased pneumococcal vaccine access.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) poses a significant health burden globally, particularly in resource-limited settings.
  • Understanding the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of IPD is crucial for effective disease control strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the clinical, epidemiological, and outcome characteristics of IPD cases in hospitalized children.
  • To evaluate the disease burden of IPD at a national children's hospital in Dakar, Senegal.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study of children aged 0-15 years hospitalized with documented IPD between 2008 and 2013.
  • Data collection included medical history, risk factors, clinical presentation, bacteriology, and outcomes.
  • Statistical analysis used Pearson's Chi-squared test (P<0.05 significance).

Main Results:

  • 218 IPD patients were hospitalized, with a hospital prevalence of 0.79%.
  • Infants under 2 years constituted 61.46% of cases; meningeal and pleuropulmonary infections were most common (61% and 28.9%).
  • The overall case fatality rate was 17.4%, significantly higher for pneumococcal meningitis.

Conclusions:

  • IPD is highly prevalent in Senegalese children, with a disproportionate impact on infants.
  • Meningeal infection sites were strongly associated with increased mortality.
  • Improved access to pneumococcal vaccines is essential to reduce the burden of IPD in this population.
Abstract

Keywords:
Infections invasives à pneumocoqueInvasive pneumococcal diseasePediatricsPneumococci with reduced susceptibility to penicillinPneumocoque à sensibilité diminuée à la pénicillinePédiatrieSenegalSénégal

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