Related Experiment Video
Updated: Mar 30, 2026
06:06
Constructing Mutants in Serotype 1 Streptococcus pneumoniae strain 519/43
Published on: September 11, 2020
2.3K
Pediatric invasive pneumococcal disease in Senegal.
1Hôpital d'enfants Albert-Royer de Fann-Dakar, université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, BP 16109, Fann, Dakar, Senegal.
Medecine Et Maladies Infectieuses
|November 21, 2015
Summary
Invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) is common in Senegalese children, particularly infants under two. High fatality rates, especially from meningitis, underscore the need for increased pneumococcal vaccine access.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases
- Epidemiology
- Public Health
Background:
- Invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) poses a significant health burden globally, particularly in resource-limited settings.
- Understanding the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of IPD is crucial for effective disease control strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe the clinical, epidemiological, and outcome characteristics of IPD cases in hospitalized children.
- To evaluate the disease burden of IPD at a national children's hospital in Dakar, Senegal.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective study of children aged 0-15 years hospitalized with documented IPD between 2008 and 2013.
- Data collection included medical history, risk factors, clinical presentation, bacteriology, and outcomes.
- Statistical analysis used Pearson's Chi-squared test (P<0.05 significance).
Main Results:
- 218 IPD patients were hospitalized, with a hospital prevalence of 0.79%.
- Infants under 2 years constituted 61.46% of cases; meningeal and pleuropulmonary infections were most common (61% and 28.9%).
- The overall case fatality rate was 17.4%, significantly higher for pneumococcal meningitis.
Conclusions:
- IPD is highly prevalent in Senegalese children, with a disproportionate impact on infants.
- Meningeal infection sites were strongly associated with increased mortality.
- Improved access to pneumococcal vaccines is essential to reduce the burden of IPD in this population.
Related Concept Videos
01:30Pneumonia III: Complications and Assessment
1.2K
Pneumonia poses the potential for numerous complications that warrant consideration. These complications include the following:
1.2K
01:30Pneumonia V: Nursing management and Prevention
4.0K
Nursing management of pneumonia involves promoting airway patency, facilitating rest and conserving energy, encouraging fluid intake, maintaining nutrition, and educating patients.
The nurse must practice strict medical asepsis and adhere to infection control guidelines to minimize healthcare-associated infections.
Enhance airway patency
Position the patient correctly to facilitate drainage of the affected lung segments. Manual or mechanical percussion and vibration can also be employed....
The nurse must practice strict medical asepsis and adhere to infection control guidelines to minimize healthcare-associated infections.
Enhance airway patency
Position the patient correctly to facilitate drainage of the affected lung segments. Manual or mechanical percussion and vibration can also be employed....
4.0K
01:30Pneumonia I: Introduction
1.3K
Pneumonia is an acute respiratory infection that targets the lungs, specifically the alveoli. These tiny air sacs, essential for oxygen exchange, become engorged with pus and fluid, severely hindering breathing, decreasing oxygen absorption, and causing significant pain and discomfort during respiration.
Risk Factors
Various factors influence the likelihood of developing pneumonia. Age plays a crucial role, with infants, children under two, and individuals over 65 at increased risk due to their...
Risk Factors
Various factors influence the likelihood of developing pneumonia. Age plays a crucial role, with infants, children under two, and individuals over 65 at increased risk due to their...
1.3K
01:28Pneumonia IV: Management
1.1K
The treatment of pneumonia varies based on its severity and the causative pathogen. Here is a structured approach to managing pneumonia, integrating pharmaceutical and supportive care strategies.
Bacterial Pneumonia Treatment
For bacterial pneumonia, antibiotics serve as the cornerstone of therapy. Initial treatment often begins with empirical antibiotics, tailored to the anticipated causative organism and adjusted based on culture results. Key antibiotic choices include:
Bacterial Pneumonia Treatment
For bacterial pneumonia, antibiotics serve as the cornerstone of therapy. Initial treatment often begins with empirical antibiotics, tailored to the anticipated causative organism and adjusted based on culture results. Key antibiotic choices include:
1.1K
01:29Pneumonia II: Pathophysiology
4.1K
The pathophysiology of pneumonia involves the following steps:
4.1K
01:14Atypical Pneumonia
38
Atypical pneumonia, often caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae, is a form of pulmonary infection that differs from the classical presentation of bacterial pneumonia in both its cause and clinical symptoms. Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a pleomorphic bacterium notable for its lack of a rigid cell wall. This structural characteristic imparts resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics and significantly influences the bacterium’s behavior within the human host.Other pathogens responsible for the disease...
38