[Aztreonam versus tobramycin in acute pyelonephritis. A comparative study]

Area of Science:

• Infectious Diseases
• Pharmacology
• Nephrology

Background:

• Acute pyelonephritis is a common kidney infection.
• Antibiotic resistance is a growing concern in treating pyelonephritis.
• Aztreonam (monobactam) and tobramycin (aminoglycoside) are used for bacterial infections.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare the efficacy and safety of aztreonam and tobramycin in treating acute pyelonephritis.
• To evaluate clinical and microbiological cure rates for both antibiotics.
• To assess patient tolerance and potential side effects.

Main Methods:

• A comparative study involving patients with acute pyelonephritis.
• Aztreonam administered at 1g IM daily for 7 days.
• Tobramycin administered at 100mg IM every 12 hours for 7 days.

Main Results:

• Aztreonam achieved 100% clinical cure in uncomplicated and 87.5% in complicated pyelonephritis.
• Tobramycin achieved an 80% clinical cure rate for both infection types.
• Microbiological cure rates favored aztreonam (78.7% overall) over tobramycin (70-80%), with failures linked to resistant S. faecalis.

Conclusions:

• Aztreonam is highly effective for acute pyelonephritis, particularly against susceptible pathogens.
• Both aztreonam and tobramycin exhibit good clinical and biological tolerance with no observed side effects.
• Aztreonam offers a viable treatment option for acute pyelonephritis, especially when considering pathogen susceptibility.