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Looking Backward, Thinking Forward: Occupational Therapy and Autism Spectrum Disorders
OTJR : Occupation, Participation and Health
|December 2, 2015
Summary
Occupational therapy literature on autism spectrum disorders (ASD) has grown significantly, shifting focus from biomedical to occupation-based approaches. Future research should strengthen evidence and expand interventions across the lifespan.
Area of Science:
- Occupational therapy
- Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) research
Background:
- Increasing prevalence of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) impacts occupational therapy caseloads.
- Need to examine trends and gaps in occupational therapy literature concerning ASD.
Purpose of the Study:
- Conduct a historical analysis of occupational therapy literature on ASD.
- Illuminate changes and identify gaps to guide future research and practice.
Main Methods:
- Scoping review of 115 articles from 1980-2013 in five US occupational therapy journals.
- Articles coded by type; intervention studies received detailed coding.
Main Results:
- Consistent increase in ASD-related publications over time.
- Shift observed from a biomedical focus to an occupation-based focus in the literature.
- Identified gaps in research and practice.
Conclusions:
- Future research should build a stronger evidence base for ASD interventions.
- Develop occupation-based assessments and interventions for individuals with ASD.
- Address the lifelong needs of individuals with ASD and their families.
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