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[ Drug allergies: clinical presentation and red flags].
Kathrin Scherer Hofmeier1, Andreas J Bircher1
11 Abteilung Allergologie, Klinik für Dermatologie, Universitätsspital Basel.
Therapeutische Umschau. Revue Therapeutique
|December 15, 2015
Summary
All medications can cause allergic reactions, with antibiotics, antiepileptics, and NSAIDs being most common. Factors like immune activation and genetics influence drug allergy risk and severity.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology
- Immunology
- Clinical Medicine
Context:
- Adverse drug reactions are a significant concern in healthcare.
- Understanding drug hypersensitivity is crucial for patient safety.
- Variability exists in drug allergy prevalence and presentation.
Purpose:
- To outline common immune-mediated drug hypersensitivity reactions.
- To identify clinical indicators of severe drug allergy.
- To inform healthcare professionals about drug allergy risks.
Summary:
- All drugs have the potential for allergic reactions, but frequencies vary.
- Antibiotics, antiepileptic drugs, and NSAIDs are frequent culprits.
- Risk factors include immune status, dose, duration, route, sex, and HLA-traits.
- This review details common reaction types and red flags for severe outcomes.
Impact:
- Improved recognition of drug allergy.
- Enhanced patient safety through risk factor awareness.
- Guidance for managing hypersensitivity reactions.
- Informed clinical decision-making regarding medication prescriptions.
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