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Basophil Activation Test for Investigation of IgE-Mediated Mechanisms in Drug Hypersensitivity
Published on: September 16, 2011
Phenytoin-induced acute hypersensitivity pneumonitis
Pallavi Periwal1, Sharad Joshi1, Rajesh Gothi1
1Metro Centre for Respiratory Diseases, Metro Hospitals and Heart Institute, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Diphenylhydantoin (DPH) can cause rare lung injury. This case highlights acute hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) with respiratory failure as an uncommon DPH side effect, emphasizing diagnosis of exclusion.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonology
- Toxicology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Lungs are susceptible to drug-induced toxicity.
- Diphenylhydantoin (DPH) is known for various extrapulmonary side effects.
Purpose of the Study:
- To present a case of acute hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) secondary to Diphenylhydantoin (DPH) therapy.
- To highlight an uncommon cause of respiratory failure associated with DPH.
Main Methods:
- Case report presentation.
- Diagnosis of exclusion.
- Exclusion of other potential causes.
- Monitoring of patient's response after DPH withdrawal.
Main Results:
- The patient presented with respiratory failure.
- Acute hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) was identified as the cause.
- Improvement was observed after discontinuing DPH therapy.
Conclusions:
- Acute hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) with respiratory failure is a rare but serious adverse effect of Diphenylhydantoin (DPH).
- Diagnosis requires thorough investigation and exclusion of other conditions.
- Discontinuation of DPH is crucial for patient recovery.
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