[Progress of new-generation genome editing mediated by engineered endonucleases]

Area of Science:

• Molecular Biology
• Genetics
• Biotechnology

Background:

• Genome editing involves targeted modification of DNA sequences.
• Engineered nucleases represent a significant advancement in genome editing technology.
• Zinc Finger Nucleases (ZFN), Transcription Activator-Like Effector Nucleases (TALEN), and CRISPR/Cas are key engineered nucleases.

Purpose of the Study:

• To summarize the fundamental principles of genome editing.
• To outline the developmental trajectory of genome editing technologies.
• To review the diverse applications of genome editing.

Main Methods:

• Review of engineered endonuclease technologies (ZFN, TALEN, CRISPR/Cas).
• Analysis of the mechanism of targeted DNA modification.
• Compilation of current and potential applications in research and medicine.

Main Results:

• Engineered nucleases offer unprecedented precision in genome editing.
• CRISPR/Cas system has emerged as a highly efficient and versatile tool.
• These technologies have broadened the scope of gene function analysis and therapeutic strategies.

Conclusions:

• Genome editing technologies, particularly CRISPR/Cas, have revolutionized molecular biology.
• The feasibility of gene function analysis and gene therapy has been significantly enhanced.
• Continued development promises further advancements in genetic research and medicine.