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Related Concept Videos

Antifungal Agents01:15

Antifungal Agents

37
Amphotericin B is a broad-spectrum antifungal agent that exploits structural differences between fungal and mammalian cell membranes. Its amphipathic structure—featuring a hydrophobic polyene-lactone ring and a hydrophilic region containing mycosamine and carboxylic acid groups—enables selective binding to ergosterol, a sterol predominantly found in fungal plasma membranes. This selective interaction underlies the drug’s antifungal activity, although weak binding to...
37
Impact of Pharmacokinetic–Pharmacodynamic Models: Regulatory Decisions01:15

Impact of Pharmacokinetic–Pharmacodynamic Models: Regulatory Decisions

71
PK–PD modeling has significantly influenced FDA regulatory decisions, particularly drug approval, dosage optimization, and labeling. These models integrate pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) to predict drug behavior and effects, aiding in optimizing dosing regimens and enhancing the probability of clinical trial success.One notable example is Nesiritide (Natrecor®), a recombinant human brain natriuretic peptide for treating acute decompensated congestive heart failure...
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Anthelminthic Agents01:15

Anthelminthic Agents

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Anthelmintic drugs differ significantly from antiparasitic therapies targeting protozoa, primarily due to differences in parasite biology. Whereas most protozoal treatments act on proliferating cells, anthelmintics are typically directed against mature, nonproliferative helminths. The therapeutic approach considers the helminth's reliance on neuromuscular coordination, glucose metabolism, and microtubular integrity for survival, reproduction, and localization within the host. Most anthelmintics...
45
Fungal Phylum Microsporidia01:28

Fungal Phylum Microsporidia

700
Microsporidia are a group of obligate intracellular fungi that were initially classified as protists but were later reclassified based on phylogenetic, molecular, and structural evidence linking them to the Chytridiomycota. These unicellular, non-motile organisms are highly specialized parasites that infect a wide range of animal hosts, including humans. They have evolved extensive genomic and metabolic reductions, making them highly dependent on their hosts for survival.Morphology and Genomic...
700
Antimicrobial Effectiveness01:28

Antimicrobial Effectiveness

2.0K
The effectiveness of antimicrobial agents depends on various factors influencing their ability to eliminate microbial populations. Larger microbial populations require more time for complete eradication, emphasizing the importance of population size analysis when evaluating antimicrobial efficacy.Microbial resistance to antimicrobial agents varies significantly. Highly resilient microorganisms include endospores, gram-negative bacteria, and non-enveloped viruses, while prions are exceptionally...
2.0K
Inhibitors of Viral Protein Synthesis01:30

Inhibitors of Viral Protein Synthesis

20
Protein synthesis is indispensable for viral replication, as viruses lack the cellular machinery required for this process and must hijack the host's translational apparatus. In response, host cells deploy a critical innate immune defense involving interferons, specialized cytokines that play a central role in inhibiting viral propagation.Upon viral detection, infected cells release interferons that bind to receptors on adjacent uninfected cells, activating the JAK-STAT signaling pathway and...
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Antifungal prophylaxis: why, what and how?

Sue Lyon1

  • 1Independent Medical Writer, London, UK.

Future Microbiology
|December 18, 2015
PubMed
Summary

The European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT) 2015 meeting highlighted advances in hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT). A key focus was managing serious infections, particularly invasive fungal infections, post-HSCT.

Keywords:
EBMTHSCTIFIantifungal prophylaxisaspergillosiscandidemiahematopoietic stem-cell transplantationinvasive fungal infectionsinvasive mold infections

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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Transplantation Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT) offers remission for hematological and lymphoid cancers.
  • Patients undergoing HSCT, especially allogeneic transplants, face a heightened risk of severe infections.

Framework:

  • The 41st Annual Meeting of the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT 2015) convened experts to discuss HSCT advancements.
  • The EBMT Annual Meeting serves as a premier forum for over 4,500 professionals in the field.

Implementation:

  • The meeting addressed critical scientific data and past achievements in HSCT.
  • Discussions focused on improving patient outcomes and managing post-transplant complications.

Implications:

  • Managing invasive fungal infections is crucial for improving survival rates after HSCT.
  • Continued research and collaboration are vital for advancing HSCT safety and efficacy.