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Related Concept Videos

Faraday's Law01:10

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Faraday's law state that the induced emf is the negative change in the magnetic flux per unit of time. Any change in the magnetic field or change in the orientation of the area of the coil with respect to the magnetic field induces a voltage (emf). The magnetic flux measures the number of magnetic field lines through a given surface area. Magnetic flux is estimated from the integral of the dot product of the magnetic field vector and the area vector. The negative sign describes the...
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A permanent electric dipole orients itself along an external electric field. This rotation can be quantified by defining the potential energy because the external torque does work in rotating it. Then, the potential energy is minimum at the parallel configuration and maximum at the antiparallel configuration. While the former is a stable equilibrium, the latter is an unstable equilibrium.
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The presence of a dielectric medium in a capacitor not only changes the voltage and capacitance but also affects the electric field. In general, dielectrics can be of two types: polar and nonpolar. In a polar dielectric, the positive and negative charges in the molecules are separated by a distance and hence have a permanent dipole moment. In contrast, no such charge separation exists in a nonpolar dielectric, however the nonpolar molecules get polarized in the presence of an external electric...
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Consider two parallel straight wires carrying a current of 10 A and 20 A in the same direction and separated by a distance of 20 cm. Calculate the magnetic field at a point "P2", midway between the wires. Also, evaluate the magnetic field when the direction of the current is reversed in the second wire.
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A Faraday disk dynamo is a DC generator, producing an emf that is constant in time. It consists of a conducting disk that rotates with a constant angular velocity in the magnetic field, perpendicular to the disk's plane. The rotation of the disk causes a change in magnetic flux, which induces an emf, causing opposite charges to develop on the rim and in the center of the disk. The polarity of the induced emf can be determined by the direction of the magnetic field and the direction of the...
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Optimized Fabrication Procedure for High-Quality Graphene-based Moir&#233; Superlattice Devices
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Faraday rotation in bilayer graphene-based integrated microcavity.

Hai-Xia Da, Xiao-Hong Yan

    Optics Letters
    |December 24, 2015
    PubMed
    Summary

    Bernal-stacked bilayer graphene exhibits tunable Faraday rotation using electrostatic gating, enabling magneto-optical effects without external magnetic fields. A microcavity design further enhances this effect for potential MO device applications.

    Area of Science:

    • Condensed Matter Physics
    • Materials Science
    • Optoelectronics

    Background:

    • Bernal-stacked bilayer graphene possesses unique ground states with broken symmetries.
    • These properties allow for intrinsic magneto-optical (MO) effects, even without external magnetic fields.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the controllable Faraday rotation (FR) in bilayer graphene.
    • To explore the enhancement of FR using a microcavity configuration.
    • To assess the potential of bilayer graphene in MO devices.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized electrostatic gate voltage to induce and control Faraday rotation in bilayer graphene.
    • Proposed and analyzed a bilayer graphene-based microcavity structure.
    • Measured and compared FR values with single-layer graphene under magnetic fields.

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    Main Results:

    • Demonstrated controllable Faraday rotation in bilayer graphene via electrostatic gating.
    • Achieved an enhanced FR angle in the proposed microcavity configuration due to localized electromagnetic fields.
    • Observed FR values approximately 10 times smaller than single-layer graphene with a magnetic field.

    Conclusions:

    • Bilayer graphene offers tunable MO effects through electrostatic control.
    • Microcavity integration significantly enhances the Faraday rotation effect.
    • These findings present promising avenues for developing novel MO devices based on bilayer graphene.