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lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in regulating gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
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Long Noncoding RNAs: An Overview.

Dongmei Zhang1, Minmin Xiong2, Congjian Xu3

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|January 2, 2016
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are newly discovered critical regulators in physiological processes. This overview details their characteristics, functions, and mechanisms, highlighting their emerging importance in biology.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Epigenetics

Background:

  • High-throughput sequencing has led to a surge in the discovery of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs).
  • lncRNAs are non-protein-coding transcripts exceeding 200 nucleotides.
  • These molecules are increasingly recognized for their roles in various physiological processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of the characteristics of lncRNAs.
  • To summarize the known biological functions of lncRNAs.
  • To elucidate the working mechanisms of lncRNAs.

Main Methods:

  • Genome-wide transcriptome analyses.
  • Chromatin epigenetic modification studies.
  • Literature review and synthesis of existing research.

Main Results:

  • lncRNAs are a distinct class of functional RNA molecules.
  • lncRNAs participate in a wide array of cellular functions.
  • Understanding lncRNA mechanisms is crucial for deciphering their biological roles.

Conclusions:

  • lncRNAs represent a significant area of molecular biology research.
  • Further investigation into lncRNA characteristics and functions is warranted.
  • lncRNAs are critical players in numerous physiological pathways.