[Oral disease-modifying agents in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis]

Area of Science:

• Neurology
• Immunology
• Pharmacology

Background:

• Parenteral immunomodulatory treatments were the sole option for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) until 2010.
• Recent advancements introduced novel oral disease-modifying agents with new mechanisms of action.
• The availability of oral therapies has significantly altered therapeutic decision-making and patient management in RRMS.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the mechanism of action, pharmacokinetics, efficacy, and side effects of oral disease-modifying treatments for RRMS.
• To provide a practical guide for the everyday use of these agents.
• To inform therapeutic decisions considering the evolving treatment landscape.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of first- and second-line oral disease-modifying treatments for RRMS.
• Analysis of data on mechanism of action and pharmacokinetics.
• Evaluation of efficacy and safety profiles from clinical studies.

Main Results:

• Oral therapies offer diverse mechanisms of action and pharmacokinetic profiles.
• Clinical studies demonstrate varying efficacy and side-effect profiles for different oral agents.
• Patient management requires careful consideration of individual patient needs and treatment risks.

Conclusions:

• Oral disease-modifying treatments have expanded therapeutic options for RRMS.
• Understanding the specific profiles of these agents is crucial for optimal patient care.
• A practical guide aids clinicians in integrating these novel therapies into daily practice.