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Developmental Milestones.

Rebecca J Scharf1, Graham J Scharf2, Annemarie Stroustrup3

  • 1Division of Developmental Pediatrics, Center for Global Health, Department of Pediatrics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Preterm birth is a major cause of neurodevelopmental disabilities. Early intervention and corrected age assessments are crucial for improving developmental outcomes in these children.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Developmental Neuroscience
  • Neonatology

Background:

  • Preterm birth is a leading cause of childhood neurodevelopmental disabilities, with severity inversely related to gestational age.
  • Children born preterm have higher incidences of visual and hearing impairments compared to term-born children.
  • Elevated risks for cognitive and behavioral disabilities necessitate vigilant developmental assessments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the importance of using corrected age for developmental assessments in preterm infants.
  • To emphasize the need for focused attention on sensory function in preterm children.
  • To underscore the benefits of early identification and intervention for developmental delays.

Main Methods:

  • Observational studies (Level C evidence) were the basis for these recommendations.
  • Developmental assessments were considered in the context of corrected age (from due date) for the first 24–36 months.
  • Clinical vigilance for sensory, cognitive, and behavioral impairments was advised.

Main Results:

  • Neurodevelopmental disability is inversely correlated with gestational age at birth.
  • Corrected age is recommended for comparing preterm children's performance to developmental norms up to 36 months.
  • Preterm children exhibit higher rates of visual and hearing impairments.

Conclusions:

  • Early identification of developmental delays in preterm infants facilitates timely referral to therapeutic services.
  • Children receiving early intervention demonstrate improved progress in developmental milestones.
  • Close monitoring and appropriate assessment strategies are vital for optimizing outcomes in children born preterm.