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Updated: Mar 27, 2026
Knee Arthrocentesis in Adults
Published on: February 25, 2022
Dilution Effect of Intra-articular Injection Administered After Knee Arthroscopy
Stephanie S Stopka1, Glenn L Wilson, Albert W Pearsall
1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, Alabama.
Agents injected into the knee after arthroscopy are significantly diluted by residual fluid. This 27% dilution means drug concentrations may not be accurately reflected in lab studies.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedic Surgery
- Pharmacology
- Biomedical Engineering
Background:
- Intra-articular injections are common post-arthroscopy.
- Concerns exist regarding the dilution of injected agents by residual fluid.
Purpose of the Study:
- To quantify the dilution of intra-articular injections following knee arthroscopy.
- To assess the impact of residual fluid on injected agent concentration.
Main Methods:
- Diagnostic arthroscopy performed on six cadaver knees.
- Intra-articular injection of a dye solution post-procedure.
- Aspirates collected from three knee locations for concentration analysis.
Main Results:
- No significant difference in dye concentration among collection sites.
- Significant dilution of injected dye concentration observed (27%).
Conclusions:
- Agents injected intra-articularly after knee arthroscopy are significantly diluted.
- In vitro/in vivo chondrotoxicity studies may overestimate drug concentrations in the knee joint.
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