Response to Oud & Folmer: Randomness and Residuals

Joel S Steele1, Emilio Ferrer1

  • 1a Department of Psychology , University of California , Davis.

Summary

This response clarifies derivative-based estimation for latent differential equation models, comparing its benefits and limitations against the exact discrete model. It justifies the chosen methodology for analyzing self-regulatory and coregulatory affective processes.

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