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Related Concept Videos

EPS and iPS Cells in Disease Research01:21

EPS and iPS Cells in Disease Research

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Embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells are excellent models for disease research because of their ability to self-renew and differentiate into most cell types. Somatic cells from a patient are isolated and reprogrammed into induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs. These iPSCs are later differentiated into the desired cell type, which mirrors the diseased cell of the patient. In this way, disease models have been created for investigating diseases such as Down syndrome, type I diabetes,...
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Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:06

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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different cell types. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are terminally differentiated; however, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they dedifferentiate and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).
Somatic...
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Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:13

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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different types of cells. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are post-mitotic—that is, they no longer divide. However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they “de-differentiate” and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are therefore...
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iPS Cell Differentiation01:22

iPS Cell Differentiation

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The ability of induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs to differentiate into most body cell types has stimulated repair and regenerative medicine research over the past few decades. iPSC-derived blood cells, hepatocytes, beta islet cells, cardiomyocytes, neurons, and other cell types can repair injuries or regenerate damaged tissue in diseases such as diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders.
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Stem Cell Culture01:17

Stem Cell Culture

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Stem cell research aims to find ways to use stem cells to regenerate and repair cellular damage. Over time, most adult cells undergo the wear and tear of aging and lose their ability to divide and repair themselves. Stem cells do not display a particular morphology or function. Adult stem cells, which exist as a small subset of cells in most tissues, keep dividing and can differentiate into a number of specialized cells generally formed by that tissue. These cells enable the body to renew and...
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Author Spotlight: Optimizing iPSC Differentiation for Efficient Production to Generate Kidney Organoids
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Modeling Kidney Disease with iPS Cells.

Benjamin S Freedman1

  • 1Division of Nephrology, Kidney Research Institute, and Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.

Biomarker Insights
|January 8, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) offer a renewable source for patient-specific kidney organoids. These models advance kidney disease research, diagnostics, and potential regenerative therapies.

Keywords:
ADPKDARPKDAlport syndromeCRISPRESCKIM-1Wolfram syndromecell therapyciliadiabetes insipidusdiabetes mellitusfocal segmental glomerulosclerosisgenome editingin vitro clinical trialslupus nephritismacular degenerationorgan replacementpodocalyxinpodocyteproximal tubuleregenerationtranscriptome

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A Simplified Method for Generating Kidney Organoids from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells
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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are reprogrammed somatic cells with embryonic stem cell (ESC)-like properties.
  • iPSCs provide a patient-specific, renewable source for generating various cell types and tissues, including kidney organoids.
  • iPSCs have been successfully derived for modeling genetic kidney disorders like ADPKD, ARPKD, Alport syndrome, and lupus nephritis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the applications of iPSCs and derived kidney organoids in disease modeling, diagnostics, and regenerative medicine.
  • To highlight the potential of iPSCs for creating 'disease in a dish' models and personalized biomarkers.
  • To discuss advancements in directed differentiation and CRISPR genome editing for enhanced iPSC models.

Main Methods:

  • Derivation of iPSCs from patients with specific kidney disorders.
  • Generation of kidney organoids from iPSCs.
  • Characterization of cellular defects and phenotypes in iPSCs and kidney organoids.
  • Utilizing iPSCs to model nephrotoxic chemical injury.

Main Results:

  • Cellular defects in iPSCs and kidney organoids serve as functional, personalized biomarkers.
  • Disease-specific phenotypes have been observed in iPSCs and ESCs with mutations linked to kidney diseases.
  • iPSC-derived kidney organoids can model genetic kidney disorders and chemical injury.

Conclusions:

  • iPSCs and derived kidney organoids are valuable tools for understanding kidney diseases and developing personalized diagnostics.
  • Advances in iPSC technology, including directed differentiation and CRISPR editing, expand possibilities for therapeutic screens and tissue regeneration.
  • The field of iPSC-based kidney research offers significant growth opportunities and evolving strategies for future development.