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Cancer survival analysis focuses on quantifying and interpreting the time from a key starting point, such as diagnosis or the initiation of treatment, to a specific endpoint, such as remission or death. This analysis provides critical insights into treatment effectiveness and factors that influence patient outcomes, helping to shape clinical decisions and guide prognostic evaluations. A cornerstone of oncology research, survival analysis tackles the challenges of skewed, non-normally...
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Cancer statistics, 2016.

Rebecca L Siegel1, Kimberly D Miller2, Ahmedin Jemal3

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|January 9, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cancer incidence is stable in women but declining in men, with overall cancer death rates dropping significantly since 1991. However, certain cancers are increasing, and cancer is the leading cause of death in many states.

Keywords:
cancer casescancer statisticsdeath ratesincidencemortalitysurvivaltrends

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • The American Cancer Society provides annual estimates for cancer cases and deaths in the U.S.
  • Cancer incidence, mortality, and survival data are compiled using information from national registries.
  • Significant progress has been made in reducing overall cancer death rates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present the latest cancer statistics for the United States.
  • To analyze trends in cancer incidence and mortality.
  • To highlight areas of progress and persistent challenges in cancer control.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the National Cancer Institute (SEER Program), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (National Program of Cancer Registries), and North American Association of Central Cancer Registries for incidence.
  • Employed data from the National Center for Health Statistics for mortality.
  • Analyzed trends from 2009-2012 for male incidence and overall death rates since 1991.

Main Results:

  • Projected 1,685,210 new cancer cases and 595,690 deaths in the U.S. for 2016.
  • Cancer incidence is stable in women and declining in men (3.1% annually, 2009-2012), largely due to reduced prostate cancer diagnoses.
  • The overall cancer death rate decreased by 23% since 1991, averting over 1.7 million deaths by 2012.
  • Increasing death rates observed for liver, pancreatic, and uterine corpus cancers.
  • Cancer is the leading cause of death in 21 states, surpassing heart disease.
  • Brain cancer is now the leading cause of cancer death in children and adolescents, overtaking leukemia.

Conclusions:

  • Despite overall declines in cancer mortality, specific cancer types show increasing death rates.
  • Cancer remains a leading cause of death, particularly in states with significant reductions in heart disease mortality.
  • Continued investment in cancer research and equitable application of cancer control strategies are crucial for accelerating progress.