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Area of Science:

  • Astrophysics and Cosmology
  • Fundamental Physics

Background:

  • Einstein's Equivalence Principle (EEP) is a cornerstone of general relativity.
  • Testing EEP involves observing time delays in signals from astronomical sources.
  • Previous tests used phenomena like Supernova 1987A and Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To constrain the accuracy of the Einstein's Equivalence Principle (EEP).
  • To establish Fast Radio Bursts (FRBs) as a novel tool for EEP testing.
  • To achieve high-accuracy constraints on EEP using cosmological FRBs.

Main Methods:

  • Analyzing time delays between correlated particles or photons from astronomical sources.
  • Utilizing the gravitational potential of the Milky Way as a lower limit for time delay.
  • Employing specific FRB events (FRB 110220) and FRB/GRB associations (FRB/GRB 101011A, FRB/GRB 10100704A) as case studies.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a strict upper limit on the difference of the parametrized post-Newtonian parameter gamma values: [γ(1.23 GHz)-γ(1.45 GHz)] < 4.36×10⁻⁹.
  • Demonstrated that cosmological FRBs can constrain EEP with high accuracy.
  • Obtained the most stringent limit to date on EEP via differential variations of the gamma parameter at radio frequencies.

Conclusions:

  • FRBs offer a powerful new method for testing fundamental physics principles like EEP.
  • The derived limit improves upon previous EEP constraints by 1-2 orders of magnitude.
  • This study highlights the potential of FRBs in probing the validity of general relativity.