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Related Concept Videos

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:26

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

954
Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is the common plasma source used in atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), a technique that detects and analyzes various elements in a sample. This method is often called inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES).
There are three main types of inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy  (ICP-AES) instruments: sequential, simultaneous multichannel, and Fourier transform instruments, with the latter being less commonly used....
954
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Overview01:20

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Overview

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Atomic emission spectroscopy (AES) is an analytical technique used to determine the elemental composition of a sample by analyzing the light emitted from excited atoms. In AES, atoms in a sample are excited to higher energy levels by thermal energy from high-temperature sources, such as plasma, arcs, or sparks. When these excited atoms return to lower energy states, they emit light at specific wavelengths characteristic of each element. The resulting atomic emission spectrum, which consists of...
4.2K
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Radiation and Light Sources01:13

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Radiation and Light Sources

1.6K
Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) relies on the Beer-Lambert law, which requires that the radiation source emits a narrow range of wavelengths to match the absorption characteristics of the analyte atom. The primary criteria for choosing an appropriate radiation source in AAS is to provide a precise and intense emission at specific wavelengths that will allow accurate detection of the analyte.
Two common narrow-range 'line' sources used in AAS are hollow-cathode lamps (HCLs) and...
1.6K
Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Principle01:19

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Principle

2.3K
Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is the most widely used plasma source in atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), also known as Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The ICP source, or torch, consists of three concentric quartz tubes with argon gas flowing through them. A spark from a Tesla coil initiates the ionization of argon, generating a high-temperature plasma.
The ions and electrons produced interact with the fluctuating magnetic field created by a water-cooled...
2.3K
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Lab01:29

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Lab

790
AES is a powerful analytical technique, especially effective when used with plasma sources, producing abundant spectra in characteristic emission lines. The Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP), in particular, yields superior quantitative analytical data due to its high stability, low noise, low background, and minimal interferences under optimal experimental conditions. However, newer air-operated microwave sources are emerging as promising alternatives that could be more cost-effective than...
790
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:22

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

1.5K
The instrumentation of atomic emission spectrometry (AES) involves various components, including atomization devices that convert samples into gas-phase atoms and ions. There are two main types of atomization devices: continuous and discrete atomizers.  Continuous atomizers, like plasmas and flames, introduce samples in a constant stream, while discrete atomizers inject individual samples using syringes or autosamplers. The most common discrete atomizer is the electrothermal atomizer.
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Investigation of Early Plasma Evolution Induced by Ultrashort Laser Pulses
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Laser plasma x-ray source for ultrafast time-resolved x-ray absorption spectroscopy.

L Miaja-Avila1, G C O'Neil1, J Uhlig2

  • 1National Institute of Standards and Technology , Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA.

Structural Dynamics (Melville, N.Y.)
|January 23, 2016
PubMed
Summary

A new laser-driven x-ray plasma source using a water target offers a stable and viable option for ultrafast x-ray absorption spectroscopy, enabling detailed material analysis.

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Area of Science:

  • Atomic and Molecular Physics
  • Plasma Physics
  • Spectroscopy

Background:

  • Ultrafast x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) requires stable, high-flux X-ray sources for time-resolved measurements.
  • Existing laboratory-based XAS sources often face limitations in flux, stability, or spectral characteristics.
  • Developing compact, efficient X-ray sources is crucial for advancing materials science and chemistry research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and characterize a novel laser-driven x-ray plasma source for ultrafast XAS.
  • To assess the source's stability and spectral properties for reliable spectroscopic measurements.
  • To demonstrate the source's capability by acquiring a static XAS spectrum.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a 1 kHz, 20 W, femtosecond pulsed infrared laser interacting with a water target to generate x-rays.
  • Investigated x-ray spectra, plasma temperature, and photon flux by varying laser energy and pulse duration.
  • Employed a polycapillary optic to focus the x-rays and characterized source stability through single-pulse measurements.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a 75 μm FWHM x-ray spot size with approximately 10^6 photons/s.
  • Demonstrated source stability with an 8% standard deviation in x-ray flux per pulse, primarily due to laser pointing.
  • Confirmed low variability in x-ray spectral shape across single pulses, validating data summation for spectral acquisition.

Conclusions:

  • The developed water-jet based laser-driven plasma source is a promising candidate for laboratory-based time-resolved XAS.
  • The source exhibits sufficient stability and spectral characteristics for acquiring high-quality XAS data.
  • This technology facilitates advanced spectroscopic studies of materials and chemical processes at ultrafast timescales.