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Distinguishing Trait And Method Variance In Multitrait-Multimethod Matrices: A Reply To Golding.

Multivariate Behavioral Research

|January 26, 2016

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This study critiques methods for evaluating convergent and discriminant validity, finding them inadequate for assessing multitrait-multimethod matrices. It suggests alternative approaches for trait and method variance analysis are needed.

Area of Science:

Psychometrics
Statistical Analysis

Background:

The Campbell and Fiske (1959) framework established criteria for convergent and discriminant validity.
Evaluating multitrait-multimethod matrices is crucial for construct validation in psychological research.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the adequacy of proposed techniques for analyzing multitrait-multimethod matrices.
To identify limitations in existing methods for assessing convergent and discriminant validity.

Main Methods:

Critical analysis of Golding and Seidman's (1974) proposal for multitrait-multimethod matrix evaluation.
Examination of Golding's (1976) conjecture regarding trait and method variance in factor analysis.

Main Results:

Golding and Seidman's method was found inadequate due to inconsistencies with Campbell-Fiske requirements, confounding variances, and lack of clear variance isolation techniques.

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Golding's conjecture was based on redefinition of terms and lacked empirical verification.

The proposed methods yielded problematic results when applied to matrices meeting validity criteria.

Conclusions:

Existing methods for evaluating multitrait-multimethod matrices require revision.
Empirical evaluation of trait and method variance can proceed through inductive generalization and theory, not solely relying on nomological networks.