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The Structure Of Self-Reported Difficulty In Assertiveness: An Application Of Three-Mode Common Factor Analysis
Multivariate Behavioral Research
|January 26, 2016
Summary
The Difficulty in Assertiveness Inventory (DAI) was developed to measure assertiveness across different situations and behaviors. Findings confirm its stable structure and utility in research and clinical settings.
Area of Science:
- Psychology
- Social Psychology
- Psychometrics
Background:
- Assertiveness is a key interpersonal skill.
- Existing measures may not capture the multifaceted nature of assertiveness.
- A need exists for a robust instrument to assess assertiveness across various contexts.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and validate the Difficulty in Assertiveness Inventory (DAI).
- To examine the factor structure of assertiveness based on referents and response classes.
- To assess the reliability and stability of the DAI across different samples.
Main Methods:
- Development of the DAI based on a two-facet model (referents x response classes).
- Application of three-mode factor analysis to data from two female university student samples.
- Examination of factor loadings, stability across samples, and correlations with social desirability.
Main Results:
- Extraction of two referent factors (distant, close) and two response class factors (positive, negative).
- Identification of five stable individual differences factors (Assertiveness A-D).
- No significant correlation between DAI subscales and social desirability, indicating construct validity.
Conclusions:
- The DAI is a psychometrically sound instrument for measuring assertiveness.
- The inventory's structure is stable across different interpersonal contexts and assertive behaviors.
- The DAI has potential applications in applied research and clinical psychology.
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