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[Self injury in adolescence]
1Vivantes Netzwerk für Gesundheit GmbH, Klinik für Dermatologie und Allergologie, Immunonkologisches Zentrum, Schwerpunkt Männermedizin, Vivantes Klinikum Spandau, Akademisches Lehrkrankenhaus der Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Neue Bergstr. 6, 13585, Berlin, Deutschland. wolfgang.harth@vivantes.de.
Summary
Adolescent self-injury presents diverse clinical pictures. This review highlights dermatological manifestations across various conditions, aiding diagnosis.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Psychiatry
- Adolescent Medicine
Background:
- Self-injury is common in adolescence, with varied underlying causes.
- Current classifications include factitious disorders, nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI), and obsessive-compulsive (OCD) related disorders.
- Differential diagnosis is broad, encompassing borderline personality disorder (BPD), Lesch-Nyhan syndrome (LNS), and body modifications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review and describe the typical dermatological presentations of self-harm behaviors.
- To aid clinicians in recognizing self-injury through skin manifestations.
- To differentiate self-harm from other dermatological conditions.
Main Methods:
- Literature review focusing on dermatological manifestations of self-injury.
- Analysis of case studies and clinical descriptions.
- Synthesis of information on differential diagnoses.
Main Results:
- Self-harm presents with characteristic dermatological findings.
- Specific skin lesions can be indicative of underlying psychiatric or inherited conditions.
- Dermatological examination is crucial for accurate diagnosis.
Conclusions:
- Recognizing dermatological signs is key to diagnosing self-injury in adolescents.
- A comprehensive approach integrating dermatology and psychiatry improves patient care.
- Further research into the specific dermatological markers of different self-harm categories is warranted.