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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-I: Introduction01:20

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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a long-lasting respiratory condition requiring continuous attention and care. It is a progressive lung disease that leads to breathing challenges due to airflow obstruction. It manifests as persistent respiratory symptoms and restricted airflow resulting from abnormalities in the airways and alveoli, usually due to long-term exposure to harmful particles or gases. COPD mainly consists of two primary conditions: emphysema and chronic bronchitis.
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Protocol and Guidelines for Point-of-Care Lung Ultrasound in Diagnosing Neonatal Pulmonary Diseases Based on International Expert Consensus
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Congenital lobar emphysema.

Irum Latif1, Samina Shamim1, Shah Ali1

  • 1Liaquat National Hospital, Institute for Postgraduate Medical Studies and Health Science, Karachi, Pakistan.

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|January 29, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Congenital lobar emphysema (CLE) is a rare lung malformation causing infantile respiratory distress. This case report details the successful surgical resection and recovery of an infant with CLE affecting the left upper lobe.

Keywords:
Congenital lobar emphysema, Congenital malformation, Lung.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Surgery
  • Thoracic Surgery
  • Neonatal Respiratory Medicine

Background:

  • Congenital lobar emphysema (CLE) is a rare congenital lung malformation.
  • It presents as progressive overdistension of a pulmonary lobe due to bronchial obstruction.
  • CLE is a significant cause of respiratory distress in infants, often necessitating surgical intervention.

Observation:

  • A case of an 8-week-old infant presenting with acute respiratory distress is described.
  • The infant was diagnosed with congenital lobar emphysema affecting the left upper lobe.
  • Clinical presentation indicated significant pulmonary compromise requiring immediate management.

Findings:

  • Surgical lobectomy of the affected left upper lobe was performed under general anesthesia.
  • The procedure aimed to relieve the bronchial obstruction and decompress the hyperinflated lung.
  • Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of congenital lobar emphysema.

Implications:

  • Early diagnosis and surgical management of CLE are crucial for favorable outcomes in neonates.
  • Lobectomy is an effective treatment for symptomatic congenital lobar emphysema.
  • This case highlights the importance of considering rare congenital anomalies in the differential diagnosis of infantile respiratory distress.