Reduction Gonioplasty: Bone Regeneration and Soft Tissue Response

Area of Science:

• Plastic Surgery
• Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
• Facial Aesthetics

Background:

• Reduction gonioplasty is a common procedure for facial contouring in Asia.
• The effects of bone regeneration and soft tissue response on surgical outcomes are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate bone regeneration's impact on facial width after reduction gonioplasty.
• To assess soft tissue response following the procedure.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective review of 49 patients undergoing reduction gonioplasty (2009-2013).
• Utilized high-speed rotary cutting bur and reciprocating saw for osteotomy.
• Analyzed frontal cephalograms (preoperative, immediate, and 12-month postoperative) to measure bone and soft tissue changes.

Main Results:

• Bone regeneration was minimal in osteotomy regions, particularly with the high-speed rotary cutting bur (-0.79 mm).
• Reciprocating saw use showed slight bone regeneration (0.07 mm).
• Soft tissue response ratios varied, with higher ratios observed in the anterior mandible (up to 155.9%).

Conclusions:

• Bone regeneration does not increase facial width post-reduction gonioplasty.
• Using a high-speed rotary cutting bur without coolant reduces bone regeneration.
• The procedure results in a sharper lower face and fuller cheeks, indicating effectiveness and predictability.