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Related Concept Videos

Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology01:29

Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology

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Acute kidney injury (AKI) causes are categorized into three primary categories based on the location of the injury: prerenal, intrarenal (or intrinsic), and postrenal causes. This classification guides clinical management and illustrates how different pathways can impair kidney function.Etiology and Pathophysiology of Acute Kidney Injury1. Prerenal causesEtiology: Prerenal Acute Kidney Injury, the most common type, occurs when reduced blood flow to the kidneys decreases filtration capacity...
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External Anatomy of the Kidney01:21

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The kidneys are a pair of bean-shaped organs in the human body that play a critical role in maintaining overall health. They filter out waste products from the blood, regulate blood pressure, maintain electrolyte balance, and stimulate the production of red blood cells.
The kidneys are located in the retroperitoneal space on either side of the vertebral column, protected posteriorly by the 11th and 12th ribs. The right kidney sits slightly lower than the left owing to the presence of the liver...
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Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention01:30

Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention

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Accurate diagnosis and effective prevention are critical in managing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which is linked to high mortality rates ranging from 10% to 80%. Timely recognition of at-risk patients and careful monitoring can significantly reduce the likelihood of kidney damage.Diagnostic Assessments:The diagnostic process starts with a comprehensive medical history to identify prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal causes.Prerenal causes, such as dehydration, hypotension, or blood loss, should...
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Renal Corpuscle01:20

Renal Corpuscle

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The glomerulus and Bowman's capsule are two essential components of the nephron, which is the functional unit of the kidney. These microscopic structures play a critical role in the process of blood filtration to produce urine.
Glomerulus: Structure and Function
The glomerulus is a tiny, intricate network of capillaries located at the beginning of the nephron. It's enveloped by the Bowman's capsule and receives its blood supply from an afferent arteriole, which divides into numerous...
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Internal Anatomy of the Kidney01:12

Internal Anatomy of the Kidney

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The kidneys are essential organs in the human body, performing a myriad of tasks that maintain homeostasis and overall health.
Anatomical Position and Dimensions
The kidneys are retroperitoneal organs positioned against the posterior abdominal wall on either side of the spine, roughly between the twelfth thoracic and third lumbar vertebrae. Each kidney is typically 10-12 cm long, 5-6 cm wide, and 3-4 cm thick, weighing about 150 grams.
Renal Cortex
The outermost region of the kidney is the...
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Anatomy of the Genitourinary System I: Kidneys and Ureters01:11

Anatomy of the Genitourinary System I: Kidneys and Ureters

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The upper urinary system comprises two kidneys and two ureters, which are crucial in filtering blood and forming urine.KidneysLocation and Structure:The kidneys are two bean-shaped organs positioned behind the peritoneum on either side of the spine.Kidneys are between the 12th thoracic (T12) and the 3rd lumbar (L3) vertebrae.The position of the liver causes the right kidney to sit slightly lower than the left.Protective Layers:Each kidney is enveloped in a tough, fibrous membrane called the...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 26, 2026

A Large Animal Model for Acute Kidney Injury by Temporary Bilateral Renal Artery Occlusion
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A Large Animal Model for Acute Kidney Injury by Temporary Bilateral Renal Artery Occlusion

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Autopsy Renal Pathology.

Paisit Paueksakon1, Agnes B Fogo1

  • 1Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, MCN C3310, 1161 21st Avenue South, Nashville, TN 37232-2561, USA.

Surgical Pathology Clinics
|February 4, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This overview details kidney assessment at autopsy, covering gross examination, congenital abnormalities, and common diseases like acute tubular injury and infections in both pediatric and adult cases.

Keywords:
Congenital abnormalitiesElectron microscopyGlomeruliGross examinationImmunofluorescence microscopyInterstitiumLight microscopyTubules

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Author Spotlight: Understanding the Effect of Herbal-Cake-Separated Moxibustion in Rats with Renal Faliure
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Author Spotlight: Understanding the Effect of Herbal-Cake-Separated Moxibustion in Rats with Renal Faliure
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Area of Science:

  • Pathology
  • Nephrology
  • Forensic Medicine

Background:

  • Autopsy provides crucial insights into kidney pathology.
  • Distinguishing pediatric from adult kidney findings is essential.
  • Understanding congenital and acquired renal diseases is vital.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline a systematic approach to kidney examination during autopsy.
  • To highlight key pathological findings and differential diagnoses in renal autopsy.
  • To address specific considerations for pediatric and adult kidneys.

Main Methods:

  • Gross examination techniques for kidneys.
  • Guidelines for tissue sampling for further studies.
  • Review of common renal pathologies encountered at autopsy.

Main Results:

  • Detailed description of congenital abnormalities of the kidneys and urinary tract.
  • Spectrum of cystic kidney diseases.
  • Common autopsy findings including acute tubular injury, interstitial nephritis, and vascular diseases.
  • Discussion of infectious processes affecting the kidneys.

Conclusions:

  • A standardized autopsy approach ensures comprehensive kidney evaluation.
  • Recognition of specific patterns aids in diagnosing medical renal disease.
  • This guide is valuable for pathologists and clinicians involved in renal autopsy.