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Hydrogen sensing with Pd-coated long-range surface plasmon membrane waveguides.

Norman R Fong1, Pierre Berini2, R N Tait1

  • 1Department of Electronics, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada. nofong@doe.carleton.ca.

Nanoscale
|February 4, 2016
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Summary

This study presents a reusable optical hydrogen sensor with a low power consumption. The sensor demonstrates excellent performance, including a low detection limit and fast response time, making it ideal for hydrogen detection applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Sensor Technology

Background:

  • Optical hydrogen sensors are crucial for safety and industrial monitoring.
  • Existing sensors face challenges with power consumption, reusability, and long-term stability.
  • Long-range surface plasmon polariton (LRSPP) waveguides offer potential for sensitive optical detection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate a novel, low-power, reusable optical hydrogen sensor.
  • To investigate the performance characteristics of the LRSPP cladded membrane waveguide sensor.
  • To evaluate the sensor's response, detection limit, and long-term stability under hydrogen exposure.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a sensor using a gold stripe embedded in a Cytop membrane with a palladium over-layer.
  • Integration of broadside grating couplers for efficient light coupling.
  • Testing the sensor's response to varying hydrogen concentrations (up to 3%).

Main Results:

  • The sensor exhibited a strong response to hydrogen, with a detection limit of 290 ppm.
  • A rapid response time of 7 seconds was recorded for a 0.6% H2 step.
  • No film deformation or delamination occurred over multiple hydrogen exposure cycles, despite hysteresis.
  • The flexible Cytop membrane mitigated stress-induced film issues, suggesting improved sensor lifetime.

Conclusions:

  • The developed LRSPP cladded membrane waveguide sensor offers high performance and reusability.
  • The sensor design shows promise for enhanced durability and hydrogen uptake capacity.
  • This technology represents a significant advancement in optical hydrogen sensing capabilities.