[Lacrimal traumatology].

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Trauma Surgery

Background:

• Lacrimal system injuries are significant ocular emergencies, predominantly affecting males across all age groups.
• Canalicular lacerations, particularly of the inferior canaliculus, are the most frequent presentation, often associated with palpebral wounds.
• Causes vary by age, including dog bites in children, altercations in young adults, and falls in the elderly.

Purpose of the Study:

• To outline the epidemiology, presentation, diagnosis, and management of lacrimal system injuries.
• To emphasize the importance of timely intervention for canalicular lacerations and associated ocular trauma.

Main Methods:

• Diagnosis is primarily clinical, confirmed by probing.
• Management involves assessing and treating associated injuries, such as eyeball lacerations, within 6 hours.
• Isolated canalicular wounds are surgically repaired within 48 hours via anastomotic suture, potentially with silicone intubation.

Main Results:

• Inferior canalicular laceration is the most common injury, though bilateral or dual canalicular involvement can occur.
• Prompt surgical repair of canalicular lacerations yields favorable outcomes.
• Associated ocular injuries require immediate attention.

Conclusions:

• Lacrimal system injuries necessitate prompt evaluation and management.
• Timely surgical repair of canalicular lacerations is essential to prevent long-term complications.
• Consideration of antitetanic and antirabic prophylaxis is vital for open injuries.