[DOHaD and pre- or peri-conceptional programming].
Pascale Chavatte-Palmer1, François Vialard2, Anne Tarrade1
1UMR BDR, INRA, ENVA, Université Paris Saclay, Domaine de Vilvert, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France.
Medecine Sciences : M/S
|February 7, 2016
Summary
Early life exposures impact health across generations. Epigenetic changes in gametes during conception influence offspring development and health outcomes, with effects varying by parental sex and generation.
Area of Science:
- Reproductive biology
- Developmental biology
- Epigenetics
Background:
- The pre- and peri-conceptional periods are critical for establishing long-term health.
- Epigenetic marks are established during gametogenesis, fertilization, and early embryonic development.
- Both in vivo and in vitro environments can impact these crucial epigenetic processes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight the significance of the pre- and peri-conceptional periods in the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD).
- To examine how maternal nutrition and assisted reproduction techniques affect epigenetic marks.
- To understand the role of gametes as both targets and vectors of epigenetic changes leading to multigenerational effects.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on DOHaD.
- Analysis of epigenetic modifications during gametogenesis and early embryogenesis.
- Consideration of environmental influences (in vivo and in vitro) on gametes and embryos.
Main Results:
- Maternal nutrition and in vitro environments can disrupt epigenetic mark apposition.
- Epigenetic changes in gametes can lead to multigenerational effects on offspring phenotype.
- Offspring sex, parental sex, and generation influence long-term health consequences.
Conclusions:
- Epigenetic programming during early development is sensitive to environmental factors.
- Gametes play a dual role in transmitting and being affected by epigenetic changes.
- Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for preventing adverse health outcomes across generations.
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