[TREATMENT OF EXTREMELY PREMATURE NEWBORN INFANT WITH INO. CLINICAL CASE]

Area of Science:

• Neonatology
• Pulmonology
• Pediatric Critical Care

Background:

• Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a common chronic lung disease in preterm infants.
• Premature neonates, especially those born before 28 weeks gestation and under 1000g, are at high risk for developing BPD.
• Current management strategies for BPD aim to reduce pulmonary morbidity and mortality.

Observation:

• Prolonged inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) administration from birth in preterm neonates with BPD was studied.
• The study focused on the effects of iNO on surfactant function, lung growth, angiogenesis, and alveologenesis.
• A clinical case of an extremely premature infant with BPD treated with iNO is presented.

Findings:

• iNO improves endogenous surfactant function, lung growth, angiogenesis, and alveologenesis in preterm neonates with BPD.
• This therapeutic approach leads to a reduction in the incidence of the "new" form of BPD in highly premature infants.
• Randomized trials indicate that iNO reduces pulmonary morbidity and mortality in this vulnerable patient population.

Implications:

• Inhaled nitric oxide represents a novel preventive strategy for chronic lung disease in preterm infants.
• The therapy demonstrates a favorable safety profile with no serious side effects reported.
• This approach holds significant promise for improving long-term respiratory outcomes in extremely premature neonates.