Motion correction in MRI of the brain.

Area of Science:

• Medical Imaging
• Neuroimaging
• Radiology

Background:

• Subject motion is a significant challenge in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), affecting both clinical diagnostics and scientific research.
• Motion-induced artifacts degrade image quality, potentially leading to misinterpretations and reduced diagnostic accuracy in brain MRI scans.
• Numerous strategies have been developed to mitigate or correct these motion artifacts since the inception of MRI technology.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide a comprehensive review of rigid body motion correction techniques specifically for head and brain MRI.
• To discuss the application of these correction methods in clinical diagnosis and scientific research.
• To classify and describe existing methods for motion detection, compensation, and correction in MRI.

Main Methods:

• Explanation of the sources and types of motion and their resultant artifacts in MRI.
• Classification and description of various techniques for motion detection and correction.
• Discussion of retrospective (reconstruction-based) and prospective (acquisition-based) motion correction strategies.

Main Results:

• Established and experimental approaches for motion correction in brain MRI are cataloged.
• Comparison of retrospective and prospective motion correction methods, highlighting their respective benefits and drawbacks.
• The review synthesizes current knowledge on managing motion artifacts in neuroimaging.

Conclusions:

• Effective motion correction is crucial for reliable diagnosis and research using head and brain MRI.
• Both retrospective and prospective techniques offer viable solutions, each with specific advantages depending on the clinical or research context.
• Continued development and application of these methods are essential for advancing neuroimaging quality and utility.