Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Electrolysis03:00

Electrolysis

31.5K
In a galvanic cell, the electrical work is done by a redox system on its surroundings as electrons produced by the spontaneous redox reactions are transferred through an external circuit. Alternatively, an external circuit does work on a redox system by imposing a voltage sufficient to drive an otherwise nonspontaneous reaction in a process known as electrolysis. For instance, recharging a battery involves the use of an external power source to drive the spontaneous (discharge) cell reaction in...
31.5K
Concentration Cells01:29

Concentration Cells

113
A concentration cell is an electrochemical cell in which the emf arises from a difference in concentration of a species between two half-cells. Unlike galvanic cells, where electrical energy comes from a chemical reaction, the driving force here is the transfer of matter from a region of higher concentration to lower concentration. The overall process is therefore physical in nature. A classic illustration is a cell made of two chlorine electrodes operating at different chlorine gas...
113
Concentration Cells02:41

Concentration Cells

26.5K
A concentration cell is a type of a  voltaic cell constructed by connecting two almost identical half-cells, both based on the same half-reaction and using the same electrode, differing only in the concentration of one redox species. A concentration cell's potential, therefore, is determined only by the concentration difference of the particular redox species.
Consider the following voltaic cell:
26.5K
Phosphate Buffer01:22

Phosphate Buffer

6.0K
The phosphate buffer system is a critical biological mechanism for maintaining pH stability in the body. This system operates primarily through two components: sodium dihydrogen phosphate (NaH2PO4), which acts as a weak acid, and sodium hydrogen phosphate (Na2HPO4), which serves as a weak base.
Sodium dihydrogen phosphate does not fully dissociate in neutral or acidic solutions. When a strong base, such as sodium hydroxide (NaOH), is introduced into the solution, sodium dihydrogen phosphate...
6.0K
Electrochemical Cells01:28

Electrochemical Cells

106
Electrochemical cells are systems that convert chemical energy into electrical energy or use electrical energy to drive chemical reactions. They consist of two electrodes in contact with an electrolyte, where redox reactions enable electron transfer. Most electrochemical cells include two half-cells connected by an external wire for electron flow and a salt bridge for ion flow. The salt bridge contains an electrolyte solution and maintains charge neutrality by allowing ions—not...
106
Protein Buffers in Blood Plasma and Cells01:20

Protein Buffers in Blood Plasma and Cells

4.4K
The human body utilizes protein buffer systems to maintain a stable pH. These systems capitalize on the dual role of amino acids, which can act as acids or bases by accepting or releasing hydrogen ions in response to pH changes. Protein buffer systems are particularly significant in the extracellular fluid (ECF) and intracellular fluid (ICF) of active cells, where structural and functional proteins provide substantial buffering capacity.
Certain amino acids can exist in a zwitterion state at a...
4.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Compositional Gradient-Engineered Ti-WO<sub>3</sub> Films for Simultaneous Enhancement of Coloration Efficiency and Mechanical Robustness.

Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2026
Same author

Room Temperature Processed Amorphous Sn-Excess-ITO Electrodes for High Performance Perovskite Light-Emitting Diodes.

Small methods·2026
Same author

Transparent Multifunctional MXene/InGaTiO Films for Broadband Electromagnetic Interference Shielding, Temperature Sensing, and Thermal Management.

Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2025
Same author

Annealing-Free Gradient Doping Strategy to Build Amorphous Nb:TiO<sub>X</sub> Electron Transport Layer for Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells.

Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2025
Same author

Highly stretchable transparent Ag nanowire-polyurethane hybrid bilayer electrodes for multifunctional applications.

Science and technology of advanced materials·2025
Same author

High-Performance Flexible 2D Tellurium Semiconductor Grown by Isolated Plasma Soft Deposition for Wearable and Flexible Temperature Sensors.

Small methods·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 25, 2026

Hydrogen Production and Utilization in a Membrane Reactor
10:00

Hydrogen Production and Utilization in a Membrane Reactor

Published on: March 10, 2023

3.4K

Hydrogen production in microbial reverse-electrodialysis electrolysis cells using a substrate without buffer

Young-Hyun Song1, Syarif Hidayat1, Han-Ki Kim2

  • 1Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 133-791, Republic of Korea.

Bioresource Technology
|February 19, 2016
PubMed
Summary

This study demonstrates consistent hydrogen production using a microbial reverse-electrodialysis electrolysis cell (MREC) without buffer solution. Optimized organic matter loading in the MREC system enhances hydrogen gas generation and stability.

Keywords:
ExoelectrogenHydrogenMicrobial reverse-electrodialysis electrolysis cellPhosphate buffer solutionSustainable energy

More Related Videos

Solar-Driven Electrochemical Green Fuel Production from CO2 and Water Using Ti3C2Tx MXene-Supported CuZn and NiCo Catalysts
10:15

Solar-Driven Electrochemical Green Fuel Production from CO2 and Water Using Ti3C2Tx MXene-Supported CuZn and NiCo Catalysts

Published on: November 7, 2025

1.3K
Ion-Exchange Membranes for the Fabrication of Reverse Electrodialysis Device
07:55

Ion-Exchange Membranes for the Fabrication of Reverse Electrodialysis Device

Published on: July 20, 2021

12.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 25, 2026

Hydrogen Production and Utilization in a Membrane Reactor
10:00

Hydrogen Production and Utilization in a Membrane Reactor

Published on: March 10, 2023

3.4K
Solar-Driven Electrochemical Green Fuel Production from CO2 and Water Using Ti3C2Tx MXene-Supported CuZn and NiCo Catalysts
10:15

Solar-Driven Electrochemical Green Fuel Production from CO2 and Water Using Ti3C2Tx MXene-Supported CuZn and NiCo Catalysts

Published on: November 7, 2025

1.3K
Ion-Exchange Membranes for the Fabrication of Reverse Electrodialysis Device
07:55

Ion-Exchange Membranes for the Fabrication of Reverse Electrodialysis Device

Published on: July 20, 2021

12.0K

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Microbial reverse-electrodialysis electrolysis cells (MRECs) offer a promising avenue for sustainable energy production.
  • Conventional MREC systems often rely on buffer solutions, adding complexity and cost.
  • Optimizing MREC operation for continuous hydrogen production is crucial for practical applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the feasibility of operating an MREC for hydrogen production without a buffer solution under continuous flow conditions.
  • To evaluate the impact of hydraulic retention time (HRT) on MREC performance, including current stability, hydrogen production rate, and efficiency.
  • To assess the organic matter removal capabilities of the buffer-less MREC system.

Main Methods:

  • A microbial reverse-electrodialysis electrolysis cell (MREC) with 10 cell pairs of RED stacks was operated under continuous flow.
  • Hydraulic retention times (HRTs) were varied at 5, 7.5, and 15 hours.
  • Hydrogen production rate, cell current, Coulombic efficiency, and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) removal efficiency were monitored.

Main Results:

  • The MREC system operated without buffer solution achieved a stable and increased cell current with decreasing HRT (higher organic matter loading).
  • Hydrogen gas was produced at a rate of 0.61 m³-H₂/m³-Van/d.
  • The system demonstrated a COD removal efficiency of 81% (1.55 g/L/d) and a Coulombic efficiency of 41%.

Conclusions:

  • Operating an MREC without buffer solution is a viable strategy for consistent hydrogen gas production.
  • Reducing HRT effectively enhances MREC performance in terms of current stability and hydrogen generation.
  • This buffer-less MREC system presents an efficient method for simultaneous wastewater treatment and biohydrogen production.