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10-Second heart rate variability and cognitive function in old age.

Simin Mahinrad1, J Wouter Jukema1, Diana van Heemst1

  • 1From the Departments of Gerontology and Geriatrics (S.M., D.v.H., A.J.M.d.C., B.S.), Cardiology (J.W.J.), and Radiology (B.S.), Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands; and Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Science (P.W.M., E.N.C.), University of Glasgow, UK.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Lower heart rate variability (HRV) is linked to poorer reaction time and processing speed in older adults. This association persists even with adjustments for health factors, indicating a significant link between HRV and cognitive decline.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Neurology
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Cardiovascular disease risk is prevalent in older adults.
  • Heart rate variability (HRV) is a marker of autonomic nervous system function.
  • Cognitive function can decline with age and cardiovascular risk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the relationship between 10-second heart rate variability (HRV) and cognitive function in older adults at risk for cardiovascular disease.
  • To investigate both cross-sectional and longitudinal associations.

Main Methods:

  • 3,583 participants (mean age 75.0 years) from the Prospective Study of Pravastatin in the Elderly at Risk were analyzed.
  • 10-second electrocardiograms (ECGs) were used to calculate HRV (standard deviation of normal-to-normal intervals).
  • Cognitive domains including reaction time, processing speed, and memory were assessed at baseline and over a 3.2-year follow-up.

Main Results:

  • Lower baseline HRV was associated with worse reaction time and processing speed.
  • Participants with lower HRV showed a faster decline in processing speed over time.
  • No significant differences in the decline of reaction time or memory were observed based on HRV levels.

Conclusions:

  • Reduced 10-second HRV is associated with poorer cognitive performance, specifically in reaction time and processing speed.
  • Lower HRV predicts a steeper decline in processing speed among older adults.
  • These findings are independent of medications, cardiovascular risk factors, and comorbidities.