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Elevated serum gamma-glutamyltransferase predicts advanced histological liver damage in chronic hepatitis B

Yuan Yu1, Yaofu Fan2, Zongguo Yang1

  • 1Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China.

Discovery Medicine
|February 21, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Serum gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) levels can predict liver damage in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients. Higher GGT indicates more severe necroinflammation and fibrosis, offering a non-invasive marker for advanced liver disease.

Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Biochemistry
  • Medical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Serum gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) has been linked to various diseases, including chronic hepatitis B (CHB).
  • Assessing liver damage in CHB often requires invasive liver biopsy.
  • Identifying non-invasive markers for liver pathology is crucial for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between serum GGT levels and the pathological grading of liver damage in patients with CHB.
  • To determine if GGT can serve as an independent predictor of necroinflammation and fibrosis in CHB.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 300 CHB patients undergoing liver biopsy was studied.
  • Histological assessment of liver damage was performed using the Scheuer scoring system.
  • Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were employed to identify independent predictors.

Main Results:

  • Mean GGT levels were significantly higher in patients with high versus low necroinflammation (114.87±15.75 U/L vs. 44.14±3.69 U/L, p<0.001) and fibrosis (90.41±11.06 U/L vs. 45.32±4.64 U/L, p<0.001).
  • Multivariate analysis confirmed GGT as an independent predictor of necroinflammation (OR=1.007, 95%CI: 1.001-1.014, p=0.030) and fibrosis (OR=1.009, 95%CI: 1.003-1.014, p=0.003).

Conclusions:

  • Serum GGT levels are significantly associated with the severity of necroinflammation and fibrosis in CHB patients.
  • GGT emerges as a novel, non-invasive biomarker for predicting advanced liver damage in chronic hepatitis B.
  • This finding may reduce the need for invasive liver biopsies in CHB management.

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