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Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive medical imaging technique based on a phenomenon of nuclear physics discovered in the 1930s, in which matter exposed to magnetic fields and radio waves was found to emit radio signals. In 1970, a physician and researcher named Raymond Damadian noticed that malignant (cancerous) tissue gave off different signals than normal body tissue. He applied for a patent for the first MRI scanning device in clinical use by the early 1980s. The early MRI...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 25, 2026

Author Spotlight: Standardization and Best Practices for Advancing Lung Imaging Using 129Xe MRI

Author Spotlight: Standardization and Best Practices for Advancing Lung Imaging Using ¹²⁹Xe MRI

Published on: November 21, 2023

Oxygen-dependent hyperpolarized (129) Xe brain MR.

Haidong Li¹, Zhiying Zhang¹, Jianping Zhong¹

¹Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China.

NMR in Biomedicine

|February 27, 2016

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Optimizing pulmonary oxygen concentration enhances hyperpolarized (129) Xenon (Xe) MRI brain imaging signal strength. Researchers identified an optimal oxygen level for maximizing signal in brain functional imaging (fMRI).

Keywords:

SEOP brain MRI hyperpolarized 129Xe oxygen concentration

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Area of Science:

Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Neuroimaging
Medical Physics

Background:

Hyperpolarized (129) Xenon (Xe) MRI offers high sensitivity for brain functional imaging (fMRI) due to its unique properties.
Current limitations in (129) Xe MRI for fMRI applications are primarily due to signal strength issues.
Signal transfer in (129) Xe MRI involves xenon transport from lungs to the brain via the bloodstream.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the relationship between pulmonary oxygen concentration and the signal strength of hyperpolarized (129) Xe in brain MRI.
To determine the optimal pulmonary oxygen concentration for maximizing (129) Xe signal in the brain.
To validate theoretical models with in vivo experimental data.

Main Methods:

A theoretical model was developed to analyze the impact of pulmonary oxygen concentration on (129) Xe T1 relaxation time.
In vivo experiments were conducted on rats to measure (129) Xe brain signals under varying pulmonary oxygen concentrations.
Longitudinal relaxation time (T1) of (129) Xe was measured in relation to oxygen levels.

Main Results:

Theoretical modeling predicted an optimal pulmonary oxygen concentration of 21% for maximizing (129) Xe brain signal.
In vivo experiments confirmed the existence of an optimal pulmonary oxygen concentration, with peak signal measurements observed between 25% and 35%.
Results from the theoretical model and experimental data showed good agreement.

Conclusions:

Pulmonary oxygen concentration significantly affects (129) Xe MRI signal strength in the brain.
Identifying and controlling the optimal pulmonary oxygen concentration can improve signal-to-noise ratio in (129) Xe brain fMRI.
These findings provide a practical method for enhancing (129) Xe MRI efficacy in neuroimaging applications.