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Recombinant Measles AIK-C Vaccine Strain Expressing the prM-E Antigen of Japanese Encephalitis Virus
Akira Higuchi1, Hiroko Toriniwa2, Tomoyoshi Komiya2
1Kitasato-Daiichi Sankyo Vaccine, Division of Vaccine Production, Kitamoto City, Saitama Prefecture, 364-0026, Japan.
Abstract:
An inactivated Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) vaccine, which induces neutralizing antibodies, has been used for many years in Japan. In the present study, the JEV prM-E protein gene was cloned, inserted at the P/M junction of measles AIK-C cDNA, and an infectious virus was recovered. The JEV E protein was expressed in B95a cells infected with the recombinant virus. Cotton rats were inoculated with recombinant virus. Measles PA antibodies were detected three weeks after immunization. Neutralizing antibodies against JEV developed one week after inoculation, and EIA antibodies were detected three weeks after immunization. The measles AIK-C-based recombinant virus simultaneously induced measles and JEV immune responses, and may be a candidate for infant vaccines. Therefore, the present strategy of recombinant viruses based on a measles vaccine vector would be applicable to the platform for vaccine development.
Insights
A novel measles virus vector expressing Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) proteins was developed. This recombinant virus successfully induced immune responses against both measles and JEV in animal models, suggesting its potential as a versatile infant vaccine candidate.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Vaccinology
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) poses a significant public health threat, particularly in Asia.
- Existing inactivated JEV vaccines have been used in Japan, but novel vaccine strategies are continually explored.
- Measles virus vectors offer a potential platform for developing multivalent vaccines.
Purpose of the Study:
- To construct a recombinant measles virus expressing JEV prM-E proteins.
- To evaluate the immunogenicity of the recombinant virus in a preclinical model.
- To assess the potential of this platform for developing combined measles and JEV infant vaccines.
Main Methods:
- Cloning of the JEV prM-E protein gene and insertion into measles AIK-C cDNA.
- Recovery of infectious recombinant virus and expression of JEV E protein in B95a cells.
- Immunization of cotton rats with the recombinant virus and assessment of antibody responses.
Main Results:
- The recombinant virus expressed JEV E protein.
- Measles and JEV-specific antibodies (neutralizing and EIA) were detected in immunized cotton rats.
- Simultaneous induction of humoral immunity against both measles and JEV was achieved.
Conclusions:
- A measles virus-based recombinant vaccine vector expressing JEV antigens was successfully created.
- This recombinant virus elicits a dual immune response, indicating its potential as a candidate for infant vaccination.
- The strategy of using measles virus as a vaccine vector platform is applicable for developing novel vaccines against multiple pathogens.
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