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Related Concept Videos

Arboviral Encephalitis01:25

Arboviral Encephalitis

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Arboviral encephalitis refers to brain inflammation caused by arthropod-borne viruses, particularly those transmitted through mosquito vectors. Among these, West Nile virus (WNV), a member of the Flaviviridae family, is a significant public health concern. WNV is an enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus. Human infection typically begins when an infected mosquito introduces the virus into the dermis during feeding. The primary transmission cycle involves birds as amplifying hosts...
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Viral Meningitis01:18

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Viral meningitis is the most common form of meningitis and is often referred to as aseptic meningitis to indicate the absence of bacterial involvement. It is generally milder than bacterial meningitis, with symptoms including fever, headache, stiff neck, drowsiness, nausea, photophobia, and vomiting. Rarely, more severe manifestations or death may occur. Common causative agents include enteroviruses, particularly coxsackie A and B viruses and echoviruses, all members of the Enterovirus genus...
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Diphtheria is an acute, toxin-mediated infectious disease that primarily affects the upper respiratory tract. It is caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae, a Gram-positive, pleomorphic rod that lacks spore-forming capability and exhibits a characteristic club-shaped morphology under microscopic examination. While C. diphtheriae can asymptomatically colonize mucosal surfaces, clinical disease manifests only when the bacterial strain is lysogenized by a specific β-corynephage. This phage...
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Investigation of Disease Outbreaks

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Multistate foodborne outbreaks pose significant public health risks and require meticulous investigation to identify sources and implement control measures. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) utilizes a dynamic seven-step process for these investigations, integrating data from laboratories, interviews, and environmental assessments to protect public health.Outbreak Detection: The detection of multistate outbreaks typically begins with PulseNet, the CDC's national laboratory...
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Myasthenia Gravis: Overview and Treatment01:20

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Myasthenia gravis is a neuromuscular transmission disorder characterized by weakness and increased fatigability of skeletal muscles. It is an autoimmune disease affecting approximately one in 2000 people, where antibodies against the α1 subunit of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors are produced.
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Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune condition affecting neuromuscular transmission, causing generalized weakness in skeletal muscles. Initial diagnoses rely on patients' signs, symptoms, and medical history. The challenge lies in distinguishing myasthenia from other muscular dystrophies. An important diagnostic feature is the significant improvement of symptoms after administering anticholinesterase inhibitors.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 24, 2026

Induction of Paralysis and Visual System Injury in Mice by T Cells Specific for Neuromyelitis Optica Autoantigen Aquaporin-4
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Acute Flaccid Myelitis Outbreak.

J Gordon Millichap1

  • 1Division of Neurology, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL.

Pediatric Neurology Briefs
|March 3, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

An outbreak of acute flaccid myelitis (AFM) occurred in 2014-2015 across multiple US states. This report details the epidemiology of this serious neurological condition.

Keywords:
EnterovirusesFlaccid MyelitisMotor Cranial NeuropathySpinal Gray Matter

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Acute flaccid myelitis (AFM) is a rare but serious neurological condition.
  • An increase in AFM cases was observed in 2014-2015.
  • The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) collects data on such outbreaks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report on the outbreak of acute flaccid myelitis (AFM) in the United States during 2014-2015.
  • To describe the epidemiological characteristics of the reported AFM cases.

Main Methods:

  • Data collection from multiple states reporting to the CDC.
  • Analysis of case reports to identify patterns and trends.

Main Results:

  • An outbreak of acute flaccid myelitis (AFM) was identified.
  • The outbreak occurred across several states during the 2014-2015 period.

Conclusions:

  • The findings highlight the occurrence of an AFM outbreak.
  • Further investigation is warranted to understand the causes and patterns of AFM.